DRRR LONG QUIZ

• Where do Sinkholes form? - Karst Terrains
• What are Karst Terrains made of? - Dissolution of limestone and dolomite
• Dissolution Sinkholes - These form from the dissolution of limestone or dolomite by water or acid, often intensifying where water first contacts the rock surface or through pre-existing openings
• Cover-Subsidence Sinkholes - Develop in areas where covering sediments are permeable, containing sand
• Human-Induced Sinkholes - Associated with human activities like groundwater pumping, construction, and land development practices.
• Cover-Collapse Sinkholes - Occur where covering sediments contain a significant amount of clay, leading to abrupt development and potential catastrophic damages.
• SLOPE SATURATION - When torrential rains hit sloping areas, the soil becomes saturated with areas, the soil becomes saturated with water, leading to a decrease in friction between soil particles and making the slope unstable
• LOOSENING OF SOIL - The excessive water can loosen soil particles, making it easier for the soil to move downslope
• Disturbance to Terrain - Water adds disturbances to steep terrain and weak geological characteristics of certain slopes, further increasing the likelihood of landslides.
• PHYSICAL CHANGES - Cracks or bulges on concrete or paved roads, sidewalks, and structures.
• BROKEN UNDERGROUND FIXTURES - water pipes, indicating potential ground movement.
• NEO - Near earth objects
• Direct Impact - like asteroids or comets colliding with Earth can cause significant damage, leading to loss of life, destruction of property, and environmental consequences
• Climate Change - sea level changes, tectonic activities, earthquakes, and increased volcanism, affecting global ecosystems and potentially leading to mass extinctions.
• Causes of Flooding - Rainfall Intensity and Duration, Topography, Soil Cover, Soil Conditions
• To deal with NEO hazard - Detection and Monitoring, Deflection Technique, Preparedness and Mitigation
• Key strategies for Fire evacuation - Identification of Escape routes, Mode of Evacuation, Designated Assembly Point, Fire Drills, Basic Response Procedures
• Ignition - This is the initial phase where all elements of the fire triangle (fuel, oxygen, heat) come together, leading to the start of a fire. It is also known as the incipient phase.
• Growth - The fire progresses from a small size to a larger, more uncontrollable state if not addressed promptly. This phase involves the fire spreading and intensifying.
• Fully Developed - At this stage, the fire reaches its peak intensity, with rapid spread and significant heat release
• Decay - The final phase where the fire diminishes as it runs out of fuel or is extinguished.
• What are essential items that should be in a emergency kit - Water, Food, Tools, First Aid kid, Personal Hygiene kit, Important documents
• How long should an emergency kit last - 3 days
• PAGASA - Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
• PAGASA - responsible for weather forecasting, flood warnings, typhoon tracking, and other meteorological services to help the public prepare for natural disasters.
• PHIVOLCS - Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
• PHIVOLCS - monitors volcanic activity, earthquakes, and tsunamis in the Philippines. They provide information and alerts to the public to mitigate risks associated with these natural hazards
• DOH - Department of Health
• Bayanihan - fosters a sense of unity and cooperation among community members
• What are some challenges faced in the Philippines - Recurrent Disasters, Lack of Financial Resources, Political Factors, Vulnerability of Poverty