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• Results of the Study


  Presents all the data gathered using the questionnaire by tabulating all the gathered information. Aside from the tables, an interpretation of each presented data should follow.
• Summary of Findings


  Summarize the interpretation of data given in Chapter 4. These should directly answer your statement of the problem.
• Conclusions


  Provide the answers for every statement of the problem. This is where you will prove your hypotheses and assumptions.
• Recommendations


  Include the recommended actions that should be done after the conduct of the study such as further assessment of the subject, focus on other factors, etc.
• Title Page


  Consists of the research title, names of the researchers and name of the English teacher.
• Acknowledgement


  A personal page where the researchers are given the privilege to extend gratitude to all people who helped in accomplishing the research.
• Table of Contents


  Contains the accurate paging of each part of the research paper.
• Method of Research


  The kind of research used by your study. This answers why the method used is appropriate for the study.
• Subjects of the Study


  Describes your respondents: who they are, what their profile is, where they are from, etc.
• Description of Research Instrument


  Describes your instrument which is the questionnaire.
• Data Gathering Procedure


  Narrates the process undergone by the study that eventually leads to the findings.
• Statistical Treatment Applied


  The statistical treatment that you will use which includes your sampling method and formulas.
• 4 elements of a reference list


  • Who is responsible for this work?
  • When was this work published?
  • What is this work called?
  • Where can I retrieve this work?
• Reference list elements


  • author
  • date
  • title
  • source
• Use the label "References" instead of "Works Cited" or "Bibliography"
• Start the reference list on a new page after the text of your paper
• Double space the reference list within and between references
• Order the references alphabetically, usually by the first letter of the first author's last name
• Reference formats are based on the document type (e.g. journal article, report) not the manner of retrieval
• Research


  The systematic process of collecting and analyzing information to increase our understanding of the world
• Exploring Question: Outlining data from various sources facilitates and guarantees a good research paper
• Research


  Derived from the Middle French "recherche" which means "to go about seeking"
• Broadening of Concept: What kind of intellectual property right covers journal articles and books?
• Earliest recorded use of the term "research"

  1577
• Research is the cornerstone of every science
• Research process


  1. Find

  2. Step by step

  3. Phases
• What research concerns with

  • Facts and conclusions
  • Scientific; critical components
• Earl Robert Babbie: 'Research is a systematic inquiry to describe, explain, predict, and control the observed phenomenon.'
• Zora neale hurston: 'Research is formalized curiosity. It is prying and poking with purpose.'
• Albert einstein: 'If we knew what it was we were doing, it would not be called research, would it?'
• Importance of research

  • Most people conduct research in their respective fields to be better informed, and to have objective decisions -- in contrast to guessing, hunches, intuition, and other personal experience
• Three purposes of research


  • Exploratory
  • Descriptive
  • Explanatory
• Exploratory research


  • Lays the foundation for more conclusive data collection and analysis
• Descriptive research


  • Focuses on expanding knowledge on current issues through a process of data collection
• Line Graph


  • It is commonly used to show trends
  • It is easy to read because the reader is able to identify the trend based on the direction of the line
• Explanatory research


  • Conducted to understand the impact of specific changes in existing standard procedures
• Bar Graph


  • It consists of columns or bars arranged horizontally or vertically
  • It is used to show comparison between variables and frequency of events in different classes or intervals
• Approaches to research


  • Unstructured
  • Structured
• Pie Chart


  It is a visual representation of information on parts or segments as a proportion, percentage or fraction of the whole
• Unstructured approach


  Used in early stages of decision-making