Diphyllobothrium latum

• Why is D. latum called "Broadfish Tapeworm"?

  Intermediate host is broadfish
• D. latum has false belongingness to the family of phyllidea which are usually:

  Leaf-like
• Diphyllobothriasis is the most common cause of what disease?

  Vitamin B-12 Deficiency
• What does Vitamin B-12 Deficiency cause?

  Megaloblastic anemia
• It is the ciliated larval stage of D. latum

  Coracidium
• Describe the shell of D. latum

  Smooth yellow to brown
• What is the unique characteristic of D. latum eggs?

  Operculated with abopercular knob
• Shape of D. latum scolex

  Almond-shaped
• How many suckers does D. latum have?

  Two
• The two long and prominent sucking grooves are known as

  Bothria
• Size of D. latum proglottids

  Wider than they are long
• Appearance of the centrally located uterine structure

  Rosette formation
• Diagnostic stage of D. latum

  Embryonated eggs and gravid proglottids
• Infective stage of D. latum

  Plerocercoid larva
• MOT of D. latum

  Ingestion
• Definitive hosts of D. latum

  Fish-eating animals and human
• What are the fish-eating animals?

  Birds, dogs, and seals
• 1st intermediate host of D. latum

  Copepods
• 2nd intermediate host of D. latum

  Fish
• Species of copepods

  Cyclops and Diaptomus
• What fishes can be the 2nd intermediate host?

  Perch, salmon, trout, and pike
• Site of infection of D. latum

  Small intestines
• What condition does Vitamin B12 deficiency mimic?

  Pernicious anemia
• Define Sparganosis

  Formation of a sparganum
• Infected subcutaneous tissue often described as white, wrinkled and ribbon-shaped

  Sparganum
• D. latum infection results in:

  Hyperchromic, megaloblastic anemia with thrombocytopenia and leukopenia
• The vitamin B12 content of D. latum is approximately _ that of T. saginata

  50 times
• Recommended treatment for vitamin B12 deficiency

  Administer Vitamin B-12
• What does "hyperchromic" mean?

  Increased hemoglobin
• Refers to absence of free HCl

  Achlorhydria
• Drug of choice for D. latum

  Praziquantel
• Alternative therapy

  Niclosamide