IIIIIIII

• Data


  Factual information used as a basis for reasoning, discussion, calculation, publishing, or decision-making
• Data analysis


  The process of cleaning, changing, and processing raw data and extracting actionable, relevant information that helps businesses make informed decisions
• Qualitative data analysis techniques

  • Observation
  • Focus Group
  • Secondary Research
  • Interviews
• Observation


  • Detailing behavioral patterns that occur within an observation group. These patterns could be the amount of time spent in an activity, the type of activity, and the method of communication employed
• Focus groups

  • Group people and ask them relevant questions to generate a collaborative discussion about a research topic
• Secondary research


  • Various types of documentation resources can be coded and divided based on the type of material they contain
• Interviews


  • One of the best collection methods for narrative data. Inquiry responses can be grouped by theme, topic, or category. The interview approach allows for highly-focused data segmentation
• Qualitative data analysis methods

  • Content Analysis
  • Thematic Analysis
  • Narrative Analysis
  • Discourse Analysis
  • Grounded Theory Analysis
• Content analysis


  A research method used to identify frequencies and recurring words, subjects and concepts in image, video, or audio content. It transforms qualitative information into quantitative data to help in the discovery of trends and conclusions that will later support important research or business decisions
• Thematic analysis


  A method that focuses on analyzing qualitative data such as interview transcripts, survey questions, and others, to identify common patterns and separate the data into different groups to find similarities or themes
• Narrative analysis


  Used to analyze stories and discover the meaning behind them. These stories can be extracted from testimonials, case studies, and interviews as these formats give people more space to tell their experiences
• Narrative analysis


  • Personal narratives of illness, oral histories, children's stories, personal diaries
• "Numbers have an important story to tell. They rely on you to give them a clear and convincing voice"
• Narrative Analysis


  It is used to analyze stories and discover the meaning behind them. These stories can be extracted from testimonials, case studies, and interviews as these formats give people more space to tell their experiences.
• Discourse Analysis


  This method is used to draw the meaning of any type of visual, written, or symbolic language in relation to a social, political, cultural, or historical context. It is used to understand how context can affect the way language is carried out and understood.
• Discourse Analysis


  • Discourse analysis could be used to assess how language is used to express differing viewpoints on financial inequality and would look at how the topic should or shouldn't be addressed or resolved, and whether this so-called inequality is perceived as such by participants.
• Grounded Theory Analysis


  It aims to create and discover a new theory by carefully testing and evaluating the data available. This method is very popular amongst researchers, analysts, and marketers as the results are completely data-backed, providing a factual explanation of any scenario.
• Grounded Theory Analysis


  • This study explored the experiences of patients with cancer who were receiving chemotherapy. The researcher used Grounded Theory to develop a theoretical framework that explained the factors that influenced patient adherence to chemotherapy, and that was grounded in the data.
• Quantitative Data Analysis


  Analyzing data that is numbers-based or data that can be easily "converted" into numbers without losing any meaning.
• Statistical analysis


  The core of quantitative analysis. It deals with basic calculations including average and median to more sophisticated analyzes like correlations and regressions.
• Quantitative analysis purposes

  • Measure differences between groups
  • Assess relationships between variables
  • Test hypotheses in a scientifically rigorous way
• Descriptive Statistics


  The analysis of data that helps to describe, show, and summarize data under study. It organizes, analyzes and presents data in a meaningful way.
• Inferential Statistics


  The analysis of a random sample of data taken from a population to describe and make inferences about the population. It compares, tests, and predicts data.
• Quantitative Data Analysis methods


  • Correlation
  • Cross-tabulation
  • Regression analysis
  • Frequency tables
  • Analysis of variance
• Data Analysis Steps

  1. Define your questions carefully

  2. Establish measurement priorities

  3. Collect data

  4. Analyze the data

  5. Interpret the results
• Example 2: Find the value of a and frequencies


  • Given: Mean = 50, Frequency for 30 = 5a + 3, Frequency for 70 = 7a - 11

  Solving, a = 5, Frequency for 30 = 28, Frequency for 70 = 24
• The data analysis method used to analyze stories and discover the meaning behind them is Narrative Analysis.
• The data analysis method used to identify frequencies and recurring words, subjects, and concepts in the image, video, or audio content is Discourse Analysis.
• The data analysis method that focuses on analyzing qualitative data such as interview transcripts, survey questions, and others, to identify common patterns and separate the data into different groups to find similarities or themes is Grounded Theory Analysis.
• When researchers are not conducting experimental research or quasi-experimental research wherein the researchers are interested to understand the relationship between two or more variables, they opt for correlational research methods.
• Regression analysis is used to understand the strong relationship between two variables. In this method, you have an essential factor called the dependent variable. You also have multiple independent variables in regression analysis.