4th Quarter C.I.

• Sex


  Natural or biological characteristic of a person either as male or female
• Sexuality


  Sexual identity, experiences, and attraction of a person
• Gender


  Attitudes, feelings, and behaviors influenced by a person's culture which is associated with sex
• Gender Roles


  Customs, rules, and standards mandated by various interests, commitments, opportunities, limitations, and behaviors of different genders
• Government


  • Men hold higher positions of authority and power
  • Women and homosexuals receive limited services like health, education, jobs, salary, and even food
• Family Code


  • The father is the head of the family
  • The father's responsibility is to work for the family's needs
  • The father is usually referred to as "the pillar of the home"
  • The mother is recognized as the support to the father
  • The mother manages household chores
  • Mothers traditionally refer to as "the light of the home" or "housewife"
• Work


  • Women generally receive lower salaries and get temporary jobs
  • Women often depend on financial support provided by men
• Education


  • Gender biases and stereotypes are still in the curricula, instructional methods, materials, and learning media
• Cisgender


  Used to describe someone whose gender matches what they were assigned
• Gender Identity

  Own internal sense of self and gender
• Gender Expression


  How a person presents outwardly
• Transgender


  Used to describe someone whose gender identity differs from assigned sex
• Nonbinary


  Not describing one's self into man or woman
• Intersex


  Medical condition wherein the person has 2 reproductive organs
• Sexual Orientation


  Identity in relation to gender
• Gender Issues


  All aspects and concerns related to women's and men's lives
• Gender Stereotyping

  Standards that should be performed by men or women
• Friedrich Engels stated that women may have taken place in the era of private property
• Margaret Mead indicated that male dominance is not a universal phenomenon
• Gender Empowerment


  Empowerment of people of any gender
• Factors Affecting Gender


  • Canalization - gender-appropriate objects
  • Verbal Appellation - verbal description
  • Manipulation - dressing the child
  • Activity Exposure - appropriate tasks
• Institutions Affecting Gender


  • Religion - practices
  • Formal Education - career
  • Mass Media - advertisements
  • Language - gendered words
• RH Law


  • The Reproductive Health Law of the Philippines
  • States the rights of people when it comes to reproducing
  • Used to control the population through family planning
• Types of Education


  • Private Education Institution - profit
  • Public Education Institution - government
• The Reproductive Health Law states the rights of people when it comes to reproducing
• The Reproductive Health Law is used to control the population through family planning
• Department of Education (DepEd)


  • K-12 Curriculum
  • 12 years (10 years in JHS, 2 years in SHS)
  • VP Sarah Duterte is the current secretary
• The Commission on Higher Education (CHED) manages college and universities through DepEd
• Article 14, 1987 Philippine Constitution states that all people are given the right to education
• The 2023 State of Philippine Education Report said the declining mental health among students and teachers, culture of "mass promotion" of learners, and the lack of proper assessments are among the most pressing issues that must be addressed
• Issues on Philippine Education


  • Low quality of education in the country
  • Lack of qualified or effective number of teachers
  • Low wages of teachers
  • Affordability
  • Small budget of the government for education
• Civic Engagement


  Participation of individuals in a society
• Citizenship


  A legal status and relation between an individual and a state that entails specific legal rights and duties
• Dual Citizenship


  A person is a national of two countries at the same time
• Ways to Acquire Citizenship


  • Birth
  • Legal Acquisition
• Ways to Identify Citizenship


  • Birthplace
  • Blood
• Article 2, Section 4 states the government may call upon the people to defend the State
• Right to Vote


  Every citizen has the right to vote and dictate their country's future
• Right to be Called to Arms


  • The right of the Filipinos to be called onto arms
  • The right of the Filipinos to be trained through CAT, NSTP, etc.
• Jus Sanguinis


  • The Philippines practices this
  • Natural born