MIL

• To become a media literate is not to memorize facts or statistics about the media
• It involves learning to raise the right questions about what you are watching, reading, or listening to, and being information literate
• A person must be able to recognize when information is needed and have the ability to locate and evaluate
• B. Liquigan: 'Messages shape the way you think and behave so you should be aware of the extent of the influence of this messages and the covert/subtle ways that they influence you'
• He also added that media technologies are merely inanimate objects that will only function when controlled by human beings
• So essentially, humans are the sources of information that are only relayed through these technologies
• The People Media


  Refers to persons that are involved in the use, analysis, evaluation and production of media and information
• The three main paradigm on effects in media education


  • DIRECT EFFECT
  • LIMITED EFFECT
  • MODERATE EFFECT
• DIRECT EFFECT


  The most classic and debunked theory in direct effect is magic-bullet or hypodermic needle theory which states that media is capable of greatly influencing the attitude and behaviors of these audiences without even realizing it
• DIRECT EFFECT


  • An influencer promotes a skincare product, leading followers to buy it without researching
• LIMITED EFFECT


  Limited effects paradigm, believes that you are highly capable of discerning propaganda and that media has limited capacity to persuade you
• LIMITED EFFECT


  • A biased news article sways some readers, but you seek alternative sources to verify the veracity of the article
• MODERATE EFFECT


  • Moderate effects paradigm is reconciliatory and is mid-way between the two
  • Audiences are not passive and are capable of creating meaningful experience
• MODERATE EFFECT


  • A political campaign advertisement portrays a candidate in a favorable light, initially influencing you. However, as you encounter additional information, you reevaluate your opinions and make a more informed decision
• People as Media


  • Refers to individuals who participate in the creation, sharing, and dissemination of information through their personal channels and platforms, often facilitated by digital technologies and social media
  • They may not have formal journalism training or work for traditional media organizations but still play a significant role in shaping public discourse and spreading news and information
  • Their function is to contribute to the media landscape by sharing personal experiences, opinions, and content with their audiences
• Opinion Leaders


  • You are considered an opinion leader when you are highly exposed to and activity using media
  • They provide interpretations of messages for lower-end media users, whose opinions are often accepted by a group
• Two Step Flow Communication Theory


  Explains the role of opinion leaders in developing consciousness among lower-end users of media
• Opinion Leaders


  • They are seen as trustworthy and non-purposive
  • They have a more changing or determining role in an individual's opinion or action
• You become an effective opinion leader when you are able to influence your followers to produce educated opinions and make informed choices
• Citizen Journalism


  • Emphasizes the role of ordinary individuals in gathering, reporting, and disseminating news and information
  • This involves non-professional journalists contributing to the news cycle through eyewitness accounts or user-generated contents
• Social Journalism


  • Integrates traditional journalistic practices with the interactive and participatory nature of social media platforms
  • It emphasizes engaging with audiences, facilitating dialogue, and sourcing stories through social networks
  • Social journalists often work within established media organizations or as independent practitioners
  • This involves leveraging social media platforms to source stories, engage with audiences, and disseminate news content
• Crowdsourcing


  • Involves soliciting contributions, ideas, or solutions from a large group of people, typically through an online platform
  • In the context of media, crowdsourcing can be used by news organizations to gather information or verify facts
• Crowdsourcing


  • Waze
  • Tripadvisor
  • Wikipedia
• People in Media


  • Refers to individuals who work within traditional media organizations such as newspapers, television stations, radio stations, and online news outlets
  • They typically hold professional roles such as journalists, editors, producers, reporters, and broadcasters
  • Their primary function is to gather, produce, and disseminate news and information to the public through established media channels
• Print Journalist


  • Print journalists typically work for newspapers, magazines, or online publications, focusing on written content
  • They gather information, conduct interviews, and write articles for print and digital platforms
• Photojournalist


  • Photojournalists specialize in capturing images that tell a story or convey news
  • They work for newspapers, magazines, and online publications, using photography to document events, people, and issues
• Broadcast Journalist


  • Broadcast journalists work in television, radio, and online video platforms, delivering news and information through audio and visual mediums
  • They may serve as news anchors, reporters, correspondents, or producers, covering local, national, or international events
  • They often conduct interviews, report live from the field, and edit video footage to create news segments for broadcast
• Multimedia Journalist


  • Multimedia journalists, also known as backpack journalists or one-man bands, are versatile professionals who can work across various media formats
  • They are proficient in reporting, writing, photography, videography, and editing, allowing them to produce multimedia content for print, broadcast, and online platforms
• Text


  • A simple and flexible format of presenting information or conveying ideas whether hand-written, printed or displayed on-screen
  • Any "human-readable sequence of characters" that can form intelligible words
• Types of Text

  • Hypertext
  • Plaintext or Unformatted Text
  • Formatted Text
• Typeface


  • Also called font, font type, or type
  • Refers to the representation or style of a text in the digital format
  • Usually comprise of alphabets, numbers, punctuation marks, symbols and other special characters
• Serif


  • Connotes formality and readability in large amount of texts
  • Usually used for the body text of books, newspapers, magazines and research publication
  • Give a classic or elegant look when used for title or heading
• Serif


  • Times New Roman
  • Garamond
  • Baskerville
• Sans Serif


  • Brings a clean or minimalist look to the text
  • Used for clear and direct meaning of text such as road signage, building directory or nutrition facts in food packages
  • Give a modern look and is used primarily in webpage design
• Sans Serif


  • Arial
  • Helvetica
  • Tahoma
  • Verdana
  • Calibri
• Slab Serif


  • Carries a solid or heavy look to text
  • Can be used for large advertising sign on billboard
• Slab Serif


  • Rockwell
  • Playbill
• Script


  • Draws much attention to itself because of its brush-like strokes
  • Must be used sparingly and not to be used in large body text
  • Usually used in wedding invitation cards or other formal events
• Script


  • Edwardian
  • Vladimir
  • Kunstler
• Decorative


  • Caters to a wide variety of emotions (such as celebration, fear, horror, etc.) or themes (such as cowboys, circus, holidays, summer, kiddie, etc.)