Lesson 8: Art of Emerging Europe

• Art has been integral part in European history.
• The Greeks were known to excel on various field and aspects and society.
• The Greeks were known to place prime importance in the use of reason.
• The development of Greek Art can be divided into four period:

  • Geometric Period
  • Archaic Period
  • Classical Period
  • Hellenistic Period
• • The Greek were known to excel on various field and aspects and society.
  • The Greeks were known to place prime importance in the use of reason.
  • The development of Greek Art can be divided into four period.

  Ancient Greece
• Geometric Period - it was a period when geometric shapes and pattern have taken the spotlight in the most of the artworks.
• Archaic Period – placed importance in human figures.
• Classical Period – it was during this time when Greeks found themselves rebuilding their temples and focusing on creating artworks.
• Hellenistic Period – the time of Alexander the Great.
• Hellenistic sculptures started to emphasize balance while showcasing dynamic poses and a number of emotions evoked by the subjects.
• One of the famous Hellenistic sculpture.

  “Lacoon and His Sons”
• The origins of theater and drama can be traces back during the Greek Civilization.
• Who started the Greek Theater?

  The followers of Dionysus
• The God of Fertility

  Dionysus
• When was the Roman Republic established?

  500 BCE
• It can be said that Roman civilization came of age during the Hellenistic Period.
• Ancient Greece had a huge impact in the formation of Roman culture.
• • The Roman Republic was established around 500 BCE. This civilization eventually transformed into one of Western Europe’s mightiest empires. Since they had expanded and covered many territories, they interacted with neighboring civilizations, particularly with the Greeks.
  • It can be said that Roman civilization came of age during the Hellenistic Period.
  • Ancient Greece had a huge impact in the formation of the Roman Culture.


  Ancient Rome
• As the term denotes, it is the period between the decline of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance. It was a period that is characterized by ignorance and darkness.

  Middle Ages
• The printing press came later after the Middle Ages, so copies of the scriptures were done by hand.
• During this time, great cathedrals were also built.

  Middle Ages
• These cathedrals can be categorized into two periods:

  • Romanesque (1050 - 1200)
  • Gothic (1200 - 1500)
• Romanesque (1050 – 1200) - inspired by the old Roman empire.
• Gothic (1200-1500) - had a more northern flavor from the Goths-vulgar and barbarian.
• During this period, artist valued the “individual” as a subject of arts.

  Renaissance Period
• Most artwork emphasized naturalism, which was also an influence of humanism since there was a great emphasis on the proportionality of the human body.
• Naturalism is a philosophical viewpoint according to which everything arises from natural properties and causes, and supernatural or spiritual explanations are excluded or discounted.
• During the renaissance period, there was also a revival of Roman theatrical plays.
• Mannerism was a period in art history, which was a product of the Renaissance Period.
• Most artworks during this period displayed distorted figures, two-dimensional spaces, discordant hues and colors, and lack of defined focal point.


  Mannerism
• Mannerism: Bronzino (1503 - 1572)
• Madonna with the Long Neck (1534 - 40) by: Francesco Mazzola (commonly known as Parmigiano)
• The term “baroque” is derived from the Portuguese term barocco which is translated as “irregularly shaped pearl.”
• The term “baroque” is derived from the Portuguese term barocco which is translated as “irregularly shaped pearl.” Which according to some historians was a response to Protestantism. This period roughly spanned from 1600 to 1750.
• Expansion was the central theme of this period, which became very much evident in the artworks produced during this time.
• Expansion was the central theme of this period, which became very much evident in the artworks produced during this time.

  Barouque And The Rococo
• Aside from art, MUSIC also flourished during the Baroque Period.
• Since the birthplace of this period was in Rome, it did not come as a surprise that most composers come from Italy.
• Who are the Italian composers in Baroque and the Rococo?

  • Antonio Vivaldi
  • Arcangelo Corelli
  • Claudio Montevard
• Who are the other well-known Baroque composers?

  • Johann Sebastian Bach
  • George Friderick Handel