riph

• Marcelo H. del Pilar: also known by his nom de plume Pláridel, was a Filipino writer, lawyer, journalist, and freemason.
• Monastic Supremacy: refers to the period during Spanish colonization when religious orders, particularly the Franciscans, Dominicans, and Augustinians, wielded significant power and influence over both spiritual and secular matters
• La Soberenia Monacal en Filipinas: first published in Barcelona, Spain, in 1889, and reprinted in Manila in 1898. Its publication in Spain was hailed by Spanish liberals and former Spanish administrators in the Philippines.
• Dr. Encarnacion Alzona: translated the La Soberenia Monacal en Filipinas in 1957.
• Curate: they often justifies decisions by claiming that national integrity is at risk, regardless of the actual situation.
• Political

  1. Friar's Political Influence
  2. Wealth and Property
  3. Parochial Mission
  4. Manipulation of Government and People
  5. Taxation and Financial Burdens
  6. Arbitrary Power and Fear
• Religious

  1. Dependency on Parish Priest
  2. Curate's Approval
  3. Influence of the Curates
  4. National Integrity Argument
  5. Fraternity Between Spain and Philippines
  6. Role of Convents in Pacification
• Economic

  1. Wealth and Disparity
  2. Government Financial Struggles
  3. Monastic Wealth
  4. Trade in Religious Objects
  5. Impact on Agriculture
  6. Role of Devotion and Fear
• Taxes: during the Spanish period, it was compulsory.
• Pacification: The act of forcibly suppressing hostility within the colonies
• Tributo: was a general tax paid by the Filipinos to Spain which amounted to eight reales
• Sanctorum: was a tax in the amount of 3 reales. These were required for the cost of Christianization, including the construction of the churches and the purchase of materials for religious celebrations
• Donativo: was the tax in the amount of half real for the military campaign of the government against the muslims.
• Caja de Comunidad: was a tax collected in the amount of 1 real for the incurred expenses of the town in the construction of roads, repair of bridges, or the improvement of public buildings.
• Polo y Servicio: was a system of forced labor within the encomienda system, established by the Spanish conquistadors and Catholic priests in South American colonies and other Spanish colonial territories worldwide.
• falla: a daily fine for those unable or unwilling to participate that could avoid labor
• Cagayan and Dingras Revolts: occurred in 1589 in the present-day provinces of Cagayan and Ilocos Norte on Luzon Island
• Sumuroy Revolt: took place between 1649 and 1650 on Samar Island in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period.
• Juan Ponce Sumuroy: a local chieftain led the Sumuroy Revolt
• Maniago Revolt: occurred in 1660 in the province of Pampanga, located in central Luzon, Philippines
• Don Andres Malong Maniago: named after the Maniago's revolt.
• Malong's Revolt: occurred in 1660 in Pangasinan, a province in the Philippines
• Tax Reform: one of the good reforms which Spain introduced in the 19th century in 1884, as provided by the Royal Decree on March 6, 1884
• Cedula Personales: this decree mandated that all adult residents of the islands, regardless of nationality or ethnicity, obtain a cedula.