The Family

• Classification of Fatherhood according to an activity dimension

  • Procreator Father
  • Dilettante Father
  • Determinative Father
  • Generative Father
• Procreator Father


  One who equates fatherhood primarily with raising of and providing for children
• Dilettante Father


  One who is often away from home but maintains a warm relationship with children
• Determinative Father


  One who sees fatherhood as a task and obligation and is obsessed with directing his children's lives
• Generative Father


  One who spends much time with children and enjoys being with them such that fatherhood becomes opportunity for his own growth and fulfillment
• Solo Parenthood


  A parent not living with a spouse or partner that has most of the day to day responsibilities in raising the child or children
• Causes of Solo Parenthood


  • Death of partner
  • Divorce
  • Unintended Pregnancy
  • Single Parent Adoption
• Child Custody


  Which parent is allowed to make important decisions about the children involved
• Physical Custody


  Which parent the child lives with
• Parallel Parenting


  Parenting after divorce in which each parent does so independently; most common
• Cooperative Parenting


  When the parents involved in the child's life work together around all involved parties' schedules and activities; less common
• Mothers with the unintended pregnancies, and their children are subject to numerous adverse health effect including increased risk of violence and death, and the children are less likely to succeed in school and are more likely to live in poverty and be involved in crime
• Children adopted by a single person were raised in pairs rather than alone, and many adoptions by lesbians and gay men were arranged as single parent adoptions
• Advantages of Single Parenting


  • Greater control
  • Manipulative children
  • Total financial control
  • Less people to care for
  • More time to the child
• Disadvantages of Single Parenting


  • Lack of support
  • Too much pressure stress
  • Financial pressure
  • Child care issues
  • Limited social life
  • Difficulties balancing children and work
  • Loneliness
• Four Types of Child Abuse


  • Physical Abuse
  • Neglect
  • Emotional Abuse
  • Sexual Abuse
• Physical Abuse


  Non-accidental and/or unreasonable infliction of physical injury, also known as child battering
• Neglect


  Deprivation of basic needs of food, clothing, shelter, love and care, education, and medical care, including exposure to danger such as living the child alone in the house or near the street without proper supervision
• Emotional Abuse


  Excessive verbal assault like cursing, derogatory remarks meant to belittle the child, or nonverbal harassing acts
• Sexual Abuse


  The use of children as objects for the sexual gratification of a bigger or older person
• Gerontologists view ageing in terms of four distinct processes


  • Chronological Ageing
  • Biological Ageing
  • Psychological Ageing
  • Social Ageing
• Chronological Ageing


  Based on the person's number of years from birth and is not necessarily related to one's physical health, mental health abilities, or social status
• Biological Ageing


  The physical changes that reduces the efficiency of organ systems such as lungs, heart and circulatory system
• Psychological Ageing


  The changes that occur in sensory and perceptual process, adaptive, personality drives and motives
• Social Ageing


  An individual's changing roles and relationships in the social structure; family, friends, work and organization like religious and political group
• Family Planning


  A way of thinking and living that is adopted voluntarily, upon the basis of the knowledge, attitudes and responsible decisions by individuals and couples, in order to promote the health and welfare of the family group and thus contribute effectively to the social development of a country
• Benefits/Advantages of Family Planning


  • Prevents pregnancy related health risks to the women
  • Reduces unwanted pregnancy
  • Reduces infant and maternal mortality
  • Reduces adolescent/teenage pregnancies
  • Slows down population growth
• Objectives of Family Planning

  • To avoid unwanted pregnancy
  • To bring about wanted pregnancy
  • To regulate the intervals between pregnancies
  • To control the time at which births occur in relation to the ages of the parents
  • To determine the number of children in the family
• Concepts of Family Planning


  • Earlier Concept - Birth Control
  • Modern Concept - Family Welfare
• Birth Control


  The voluntary limiting of human reproduction using such means as sexual abstinence, contraception, induced abortion, and surgical sterilization. It includes the spacing as well as the number of children in a family
• Family Welfare


  The concept of family welfare is comprehensive and basically related to quality of life