states of matter and changes of state

• describe solids

  strong force of attraction that vibrate in fixed regular arrangement with high density
• describe liquids

  weak forces of attraction that move at slow speed in random arrangement with medium density
• describe gases

  very weak forces of attraction that move at high speed in random arrangement with low density
• give change of state from solid to liquid

  melting
• give change of state from liquid to gas

  boiling / evaporating
• give change of state from gas to liquid

  condensing
• give change of state from liquid to sold

  freezing
• give change of state from gas to solid

  sublimating
• describe affect of heating

  1. heated particles
  2. particles gain more energy
  3. weaken forces
  4. break bonds
• describe affect of cooling

  1. cooled particles
  2. particles have insufficient energy
  3. not enough energy to overcome forces
  4. form bonds
• describe internal energy

  energy stored inside system by particles as total of kinetic and potential energy of particles
• describe affect of heating and cooling on internal energy

  heating - increases internal energy

  cooling - decreases internal energy
• describe affect of change in internal energy

  change temperature or state