Geography summer

• What is physical geography?

  Physical geography is about what our Planet is like, it includes topics like volcanoes, weather, rivers
• What is Human geography?

  Human Geographey is about how and where we live. It includes topics like, people and how many of us there are, the places we live in and how we are living.
• What is environmental geography?

  Environmental geography studies our impact on our surroundings and studies topics like pollutions and global warming.
• What is Northern Ireland’s area and population

  Northern Ireland is about 14,000 square kilometres in size with a population of about 1.8 million
• What countries are in the United kingdom?

  Northern Ireland, England, Scotland and Wales
• What countries make up Great Britain?

  England, Scotland and Wales
• What countries make up The british isles?

  Northern Ireland, ireland, Wales, Scotland, England
• Where is Europe ?


  Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern hemisphere and mostly In the Eastern hemisphere
• What is Europes area?


  Europe covers abou 10,180,000km squared , or 2% of the earths surface making it the second smallest continent.
• How many countries are in Europe?

  There are 51 countries in Europe
• How many people are in europe?

  There are approximately 746 million people in Europe.
• How much of the world is made up of large land areas(known as continents)


  about 1 third of the earth is made up of continents
• What are the seven continents?

  Asia, Africa, North america , South America, Europe, Australasia and Antarctica
• How much of the earth is made up of water?

  About 2 thirds
• What are the 5 oceans

  The five oceans are the pacific , Atlantic, Indian, Southern, and the Artic ocean
• What does the equator do?

  It divides the globe into the Northern and Southern Hemisphere’s.
• What is the line of latitude to the north?

  Tropic of Cancer
• What is the line of latitude to the south?

  Tropic of Capricorn
• What are maps?

  Maps are used to represent a place , they allow us to look at the location and surrounding area of a place.
• What are the main 4 compass points?

  North , East , South , West
• What is the area of a grid square?

  1km squared
• What is a northing?

  A horizontal line
• What is a easting?

  A easting is a vertical line
• What can a distance be shown as a scale as?

  In words, as a ratio, as a line
• What are the 3 ways height can be shown on an OS map

  • spot height
  • layer colouring
  • contours
• What is a contour?


  Contours are lines drawn on a map, they join places which have the same height
• What’s a source ?

  A source is the start of a river
• What’s a tributary? A tributary is a smaller river which joins a main river
• What’s the mouth of a river?

  The end of a river
• What’s another word for a water cycle

  Hydrological cycle
• how does the water cycle work

  1. The sun warms the sea, turning water into water vapour, a gas. This is called evaporation. The sea salt is left behind.
  2. The warm air arises. As it arises it cools. The water vapour condenses into tiny water droplets , these form clouds.
• 3- The clouds get carried along by the wind. The droplets inside them grow into larger drops’ leading to

  4-precipitation, The water drops fall rain ( or hail, sleet or snow)

  5- Some of the water runs along the ground, and some soaks


  this is the water cycle
• How does rainwater reach the river?

  the preciptiation that falls within a watershed will eventually reach the river channel. It can do this as overland runoff. Some water will inflitrate into the soil and travel as throughflow, some water will percolate into rocks and travel as groundwater flow.
• what’s a river bed


  a river bed is the bottom of a river
• what’s a river bank?

  a river bank is the side of a river
• what is erosion

  erosion means wearing way. The river erodes the land it flows over
• what is transportation?


  transportation is when the river carries away the eroded material.
• What is deposition?

  Deposition is when the river loses energy, so it deposits its load
• How does the river change as it flows

  The amount of erosion decreases and the amount of deposition increases
• how is a waterfall formed by erosion and how does it create a gorge ?

  1. at a waterfall, the hard rock eroded very slowly. The soft rock below eroded much faster
  2. Erosion of the soft rock leaves a ledge of hard rock and a hollow called a plunge pool