TOP Maslow

• Holistic-dynamic theory


  Assumes the whole person is motivated by one need or another, people have potential to grow toward psychological health/self-actualization, lower level needs must be satisfied before higher level needs can be met
• Hierarchy of needs


  • Physiological
  • Safety
  • Love and Belongingness
  • Esteem
  • Self-Actualization
  • Aesthetic Needs
  • Cognitive Needs
  • Neurotic Needs
• Self-actualization

  Maslow's quest for the self-actualized person, criteria for self-actualization, values of self-actualizers, characteristics of self-actualizing people
• Self-actualizing people


  • More efficient perception of reality, acceptance of self, others, and nature, spontaneity, simplicity, and naturalness, problem-centering, the need for privacy, autonomy, continued freshness of appreciation, the peak experience, gemeinschaftsgefuhl, profound interpersonal relations, the democratic character structure, discriminatin between means and ends, philosophical sense of humor, creativeness, resistance to enculturation, love, sex, and self-actualization
• Philosophy of science


  Maslow argued for a humanistic, holistic approach that is not value free, psychological science should stress the importance of individual procedures, scientists should put values, emotion, and ritual back into their work and be creative in their pursuit of knowledge
• Measuring self-actualization


  • Personal orientation inventory (POI)
  • Short index of self-actualization
  • Brief index of self-actualization
• Jonah complex


  The fear of being or doing one's best, people allow false humility to stifle creativity, and therefore they prevent themselves from becoming self-actualizing
• Psychotherapy

  The aim is for clients to embrace the being-values, clients must be freed from their dependence on others so that their natural impulse to grow can become active, psychotherapy must not be value-free
• Values of Self-Actualizers 

  • Motivated by eternal verities or B-Values 
  • Metamotivation
• • Personal orientation inventory(POI) 
  • Comprehensive measure of the values and
• Four factors of self-actualization: 

  1. Core self-actualization
  2. Autonomy
  3. openness to experience 
  4. Comfort with solitude
• • Gemeinschaftsgefuhl
  • Profound interpersonal relations 
  • The democratic character structure
• • Discriminatin between means and ends 
  • Philosophical sense of humor
• Maslow’s Quest for the Self-Actualized Person Criteria for Self - Actualization

  • Free from psychopathology 
  • Have progressed through hierarchy of needs 
  • embracing of the B-values 
  • Full use of talents, capacities, and potentialities
• Maslow argued for a humanistic, holistic approach that is not value free
• People have potential to grow toward psychological health/self-actualization