HA LEC CARDIO

• 3 Layers of the heart wall

  Endocardium

  Myocardium

  Epicardium
• Pericarditis


  Inflammation of the heart
• Frank Starling Law


  the more stretched the muscles, the more pressure
• Atrioventricular Valve


  Mitral and Tricuspid Valve
• Semi-lunar Valve


  Aortic and Pulmonic Valve
• Coronary Artery


  supplies blood for the heart
• Precordium


  houses organs for the whole cardiovascular system
• P wave


  atrial depolarization
• QRS Wave


  ventricular depolarization
• T wave


  ventricular repolarization
• SA Node


  also known as the pacemaker
• Levine Sign


  Universal chest pain sign
• What to avoid during carotid artery palpation?

  Vagal Stimulation
• Grading of Pulses

  1+ Diminished, weaker than expected

  0 Absent, unable to palpate

  3+ Bounding

  2+ Brisk, expected Normal
• 30-45 degree angle position

  Semi-Fowler's
• POINTS OF AUSCULTATION

  Aortic

  Pulmonic

  Erb's Point

  Tricuspid

  Mitral
• GRADES OF MURMURS


  Grade 3 - Moderately Loud

  Grade 1 - Very faint

  Grade 4 - Loud, with palpable thrill

  Grade 6 - Very loud with thrill. Maybe heard when the stethoscope is entirely off the chest

  Grade 2 - Quiet but hear immediately after stethoscope on chest

  Grade 5 - Very loud with thrill. May be heard when the stethoscope is partly off the chest