New urban landscapes

• New urban landscapes


  1. Town centre mixed developments

  2. Cultural + heritage quaters

  3. Gentrified areas

  4. Fortess landscapes

  5. Edge cities
• Town centre mixed developments

  encouring the development of functions other than retailing to increase the attractions of the city centre e.g. leisure, facilities, gardens, plazas and flagship developments

  current trend is to develop town centres so theres a combination of residential, commercial, cultural, institutional and industrial

  designed to be functionally + physically integrated with free flowing pedestrian access

  e.g. Covent Gardens or Exeter

  + large cities can attract shoppers + visitors back to city centre after period of decline
• Gentrification

  a form of inner city regeneration where affluent, young, middle class people move into traditionally run-down and deprived areas

  buying and renovating properties in run down areas by young wealthy individuals

  individuals rather than large organisations

  e.g. Shoreditch

  raised concerns about the displacement of low-income families and small businesses

  + helped to regenrate large parts of British inner cities
• Fortress landscapes/ developments


  designed with the sole purpose of security, protection, surveillance + exclusion

  as theres an increased need to promote urban centres, many companies + agenices wanted to ensure that people visted were protected and incorrect people were discouraged** from coming to that area

  e.g. CCTV, mosquito alarms, railing + fencing around private areas, street lighting and spped bumps

  + adopted to reduce crime in urban hotspots e.g. city centre
• Cultural quarter


  Developing an area to encourage the growth and revitalise the local economy in arts + creative industries
• Cultural quarter


  • Deliberate model for urban regeneration of declining inner urban areas
  • Presence of cultural production (e.g. making objects, goods) or consumption (people seeing shows, galleries etc)
• Heritage


  • History of area based around small-scale industries
  • Built up regional (or national) reputation which attracts visitors, tourists, bringing financial benefits
• Cultural and heritage quarter

  • Birmingham Jewellery quarter
• Cultural and heritage quarters

  • Used as a tool for regeneration, improving perceptions of a place + preserving history + culture
• Edge cities


  • More than 5 million sq ft of office space
  • More jobs than homes/bedrooms
  • Single end destination - has it all entertainment, shopping etc
  • Not have been anything like a city 30 years ago
  • Home to office towers, retail complexes
  • Located close to major highways
  • Result of urban sprawl, car ownership, travelling long distances for work, shopping and entertainment
  • Over 600,000 sq ft of retail space
  • A concentration of businesses, shopping + entertainment outside of a traditional downtown area in what has previously been a residential/rural area
• self contained settlements which emerged beyond city boundary + developed as cities in their own right