Chem - Year 1

Subdecks (5)

Cards (199)

  • Cows go
    Mooooo
  • What is activation energy

    The minimum energy that colliding particles must possess for a reaction to occur
  • what is the actual yield
    the actual mass obtained
  • What is an addition reaction
    A reaction in which two molecules combine to form one molecule
  • what is an aldehyde
    a homologous series of organic compounds formed by the partial oxidation of primary alcohols. An organic compound in which the carbonyl group is attached to a carbon atom at the end of a carbon chain. 
  • What is atom economy
    the molar mass of the desired product divided by the sum of the molar masses of all the products, expressed as a percentage
  • what is the atomic number
    the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of an element
  • what is Avogadro’s constant
    the number of atoms in carbon-as in exactly 12g of Carbon-12
    the value is: 6.02x10^23 mol^-1
  • what is Avogadro’s law
    it states that equal volumes of gases under the same conditions of temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules
  • what is the base peak
    this indicates the peak with the greatest abundance.  the tallest peak because it represents the commonest fragment ion to be formed
  • What is a basic oxide
    An oxide of a metal which reacts with water to form a metal hydroxide, and with an acid to form a salt and water
  • what is a bioalcohol
    a fuel made from plant matter, often using enzymes or bacteria
  • what is a biodegradable polymer
    a polymer that can be broken down by microbes
  • what is biodiesel
    a fuel made from vegetable oils obtained from plants
  • what are biofuels
    fuels that are obtained from living matter that has recently died
  • what is a ‘block’ in the periodic table
    the image shows where the different blocks are in the periodic table.
  • what is bond enthalpy
    the enthalpy change when one mole of a bond in the gaseous state is broken
  • what is bond length
    the distance between nuclei of two atoms that are covalently bonded together
  • what is carbocation
    a positive ion in which the charge is shown on a carbon atom
  • what is a carboxylic acid
    a homologous series of organic compounds formed by the complete oxidation of primary alcohols
  • What is a catalyst
    A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction but is chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction
  • what is complete combustion
    when all the atoms in the fuel are fully oxidised
  • What are concordant titres
    Titres that are close together - usually within 0.20cm^3
  • What is cracking
    The breakdown of molecules into shorter ones by heating with a catalyst
  • what do curly arrows represent
    the movement of electron pairs
  • what is dehydration
    a reaction which results in the removal of the hydroxyl group in an alcohol molecule, together with a hydrogen atom from an adjacent carbon atom, forming a C=C double bond
  • what are delocalised electrons

    any electrons that are not associated with any single atom or any single covalent bond; relevant in metallic bonding
  • what is a diol
    a compound containing two -OH (alcohol) groups
  • what is a dipole
    a dipole is said to exist when two changes of equal magnitude but opposite signs are separated by a small distance
  • what is a discrete (simple) molecule
    an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds
  • what is a displacement reaction
    a reaction in which one element replaces another element in a compound
  • what is a disproportionate reaction
    the simultaneous oxidation and reduction of an element in a single reaction
  • What is distillation with addition
    The heating of a reaction mixture, but adding another liquid and distilling off the product as it forms
  • what is electronegativity
    the ability of a pair of electrons in a covalent bond
  • what is an electrophile
    a species that is attracted to a region of high electron density
  • what is electrophilic addition
    a reaction in which two molecules form one molecule and the attacking molecule is an electrophile
  • what is an elimination reaction

    where a molecule loses atoms attached to adjacent carbon atoms, forming a C=C double bond
  • what is the empirical formula
    formula of a substance that shows the simplest ratio of atoms contained within it
  • what is the end point
    the point at which the indicator just changes colour. the end point should coincide with the equivalence point
  • what is an endothermic reaction
    a reaction where heat energy is transferred from the surroundings to the system. temperature detected decreases