aphug

• Space


  The geometric surface of the Earth
• Objects on the Earth's spatial surface


  Defined by their location and separated by some degree of distance from other things
• Activity space


  The area wherein activity occurs on a daily basis
• Place


  An area of bounded space of some human importance
• Toponym


  A place-name assigned to a location when human importance is recognized
• Regions


  A type of place, and there are other categories of places, such as urban places, places of work, resource locations, and transportation nodes
• Attributes of a place change over time
• Sequent occupancy


  The succession of groups and cultural influences throughout a place's history
• There are several different historical layers that contribute to a place-specific culture, society, local politics, and economy
• Scale

  The relationship of an object or place to the Earth as a whole
• Map scale


  Describes the ratio of distance on a map to distance in the real world in absolute terms
• Relative scale


  The level of aggregation, or the level at which you group things together for examination
• Scales


  • Local
  • City and state
  • Regional
  • National
  • Continental
  • International and global
• Types of regions

  • Formal
  • Functional
  • Vernacular
• Formal regions


  Areas of bounded space that possess some homogeneous characteristic or uniformity
• Regional boundaries differ based on the type of region
• Culture regions tend to have fuzzy borders
• Political regions boundaries are finite and well-defined
• Environmental region boundaries are transitional and measurable
• Ecotone


  The environmental transition zone between two bioregions
• Functional regions


  Areas that have a central place, or node, that is a focus or point of origin that expresses some practical purpose
• Market areas


  A type of functional region
• Since outlet malls are often placed far apart, there will also be a larger area of influence for the mall that will have shoppers traveling from longer distances
• Intervening opportunity


  An attraction at a shorter distance that takes precedence over an attraction that is farther away
• Vernacular regions

  Based upon the perception or collective mental map of the region's residents
• The overall concept of vernacular regions can vary within the region due to personal or group variations
• Absolute location


  Defines a point or place on the map using coordinates such as latitude and longitude
• The Prime Meridian is 0° longitude and runs through Great Britain because the means to accurately calculate longitude at sea was developed by the British Royal Navy
• The equator is 0° latitude. The North and South Poles are 90° latitude
• Time Zones are divided up into 15-degree-wide longitudinal zones around the world with some exceptions. This is because 360° divided by 24 hours a day equals 15°
• Relative location


  The location of a place compared to a known place or geographic feature
• Site


  The physical characteristics of a place
• Situation


  The place's interrelatedness with other places
• Linear absolute distance


  The distance between two places as measured in linear units such as miles or kilometers
• Distance decay


  The farther away different places are from a place of origin, the less likely interaction will be with the original place
• Tobler's law

  All places are interrelated, but closer places are more related than farther ones
• Friction of distance


  The length of distance that becomes a factor that inhibits the interaction between two points
• Space-Time Compression


  Decreased time and relative distance between places
• Technology like modes of transportation or the Internet can reduce the relative distance between places
• Human-Environmental Transportation


  The effect that humans have on their environment, and vice versa