9.1 Static Electricity

• An Electron has a negative charge
• A proton has a positive charge
• Static electricity is electricity that does not move
• To have a negative charge on an object it has to gains electrons
• To have a positive charge on an object it has lose electrons
• The three laws of electric charge are..


  -Particles with like charges repel each other

  -Particles with opposite charges attract each other

  -Neutral objects will attract charged objects
• Static electricity is caused by friction
• Clothing getting stuck together after being in the dryer, Brushing dry hair with a plastic comb, and walking on a carpeted floor and then touching a metal doorknob are examples of static electricity. They are caused by friction between two objects.
• Electrical discharge is when electrical charges are transferred very quickly Ex) Lightning and household fluorescent lamp
• Grounding an objects means to remove excess charge from an object by connecting it to the Earth's surface in order to neutralize any excess electric charge it may have.
• The air acts as an insulator between the positive and negative charges in the cloud and between the cloud and the ground. When the opposite charges build up enough, this insulating capacity of the air breaks down and there is a rapid discharge of electricity that we know as lightning.

  A) Negative charge

  B) Positive charge

  C) Positive charge

  D) Negative charge

  E) Positive charge

  F) Lightning Flash

  
• Lightning is an electrical discharge caused by imbalances between storm clouds and the ground, or within the clouds themselves. Most lightning occurs within the clouds.
• A conductor allows for electrons to flow through it easily

  Ex) Steel and Saltwater
• A insulator is a material that does not allow the flow of electrons

  Ex) Glass and Wood
• Charging by induction does not involve physically touching the object, such as by placing the object in a magnetic field or charging a phone
• Charging by contact involves physically touching another charged object such as a positively charged aluminum plate is touched to a neutral metal sphere and when you rub a balloon against your hair