Design

• Ergonomics


  Concern of the interaction between the people and the products, and systems that they use to make sure that products are appropriate for people.
• Tolerance


  The allowable amount of variation within a particular quality. i.e. The weight tolerance for a high performance bicycle frame might be +/- 100 grams from its set weight of 1850 grams.
• Destructive Testing


  Testing a product or part that destroys or physically alters the part. These are usually mechanical properties such as heat resistance, compression, toughness.
• Non-destructive Testing


  Testing a product or part that measure physical properties. The product itself is not damage or changed in the process: Weighing, checking color, confirming dimensions.
• Inspection


  The checking of qualities at difference stances of the production process.
• Benefits of Quality Management

  
• Quality Control

  Their goal is to produce the same part over and over again with a minimum or no waste.

  Begins with the identification of Tolerances, the allowable variations in the qualities of a part. Typically tolerance identified at design stage, but necessary at this stage to know the degree of tolerance the machine has.

  Knowing the capability of the machine and designing tor it can ensure that tolerances are at an attainable and acceptable level.

  Quality control at the source eliminates waste from defects as workers are responsible for the quality of the work they do.
• Statistical Process Control (SPC)

  SPC is a statistical tool that ensures a process operates efficiently. This involves measuring aspects of a product or process in order to identify inefficiencies and opportunities for improvement.

  The goal of SPC is to reduce waste, increase productivity, and discover abnormalities in a process in order to facilitate timely decision making.
• Quality Assurance (QA)


  The goal of QA is to reduce or avoid  errors or defective products being delivered to the customer, and is to set standards of quality for all stages, beginning with the raw materials, throughout the delivery of the product to the customer.  

  This covers all activities from design to documentation. It also includes the regulation of the quality of raw materials, assemblies, products and components, services related to production, and management and inspection processes.