Chapter 3

Cards (73)

  • Cell - Structural and functional units of living organism
  • HANS & ZACHARIAS JANSSEN - Produced first microscope (2 lenses)
  • ROBERT HOOKE - First to observe plant cells by examining the section of the cork
  • ROBERT BROWN - First observed the nucleus in hairs and other cells of orchids
  • MATTHIAS SCHLEIDEN - Stated that plants were composed of cells
  • THEODOR SCHWANN - States that animals were composed of cells
  • Cell Theory:
    States that the bodies of plants and
    membrane animals are composed of cells and their products and these ____ came from pre-existing cells
  • WATSON & CRICK - First to observed DNA molecule
  • RUDOLF VIRCHOW - Developed the idea of generation continuity of cells that is Omnis cellula e cellula
  • Omnis cellula e cellula - arise from pre-existing cells
  • ANTON Y VAN LEEUWENHOEK - Introduced the microscope (1 lens) and first to observe single-celled organisms under the microscope
  • JOHANNES PURKINJE - Coined the term protoplasm
  • Protoplasm - the term for nucleoplasm + cytoplasm and is the living part of the cell
  • Cell Wall - Outermost part of the cell
  • Parts of Cell Wall:
    • Middle Lamella or Intercellular Layer
    • Primary Walla
    • Secondary Wall
    • Pits
  • Middle Lamella or Intercellular Layer - Holds the cells together Abd is made up of pectic substances
  • Pectin - functions as cementing material between adjacent cells (Middle Lamella or Intercellular Layer)
  • Primary wall - mainly composed of cellulose
  • Cutin - a fatty material usually found as a layer (primary wall)
  • cuticle - on outer walls of cells forming the exterior surfaces of land plants (primary wall)
  • Cuticle - is impermeable to water and protect leaves and stems against water loss (primary wall)
  • Secondary wall - Between primary wall and protoplasm and is thicker than the primary wall
  • Lignin - with ___ in woody structure of secondary wall
  • suberin - with ____ in cork cells of secondary wall
  • Pits - Region in the cell wall in which no secondary wall and deposited where water and other dissolved substance diffused from cell to cell
  • Plasmodesmata - Pores through which strands of cytoplasm extend from one cell to another
  • Plasmodesmata - Facilitating the transfer of materials and impulses
    1. Pectin
    2. Cellulose Microfibril
    3. Hemicellulose
    4. Middle Lamella
    5. Primary Cell Wall
    6. Plasma Membrane
  • Protoplasm - Living part of the cell
  • Main Parts of Protoplasm:
    1. Cell Membrane/ Plasmalemma
    2. Cytoplasm
    3. Nucleus
  • Cell membrane or Plasmalemma - Made up of two layers phospholipids with embedded proteins in between
  • Cytoplasm - where most of the cell's chemical reactions take place
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum - System of extensive flattened vesicles that form branched, interconnected, closed systems and also forms the intercellular transport
  • ROUGH ER - With ribosomes
  • SMOOTH ER - Without ribosomes
  • Golgi Bodies - Series of stacked discs, each composed of a flattened sac bounded by two membranes with small globular bodies or vesicles around the edges of these disc
  • Microbodies - Smallest single membrane-bounded organelles
  • SOGAERISINES - Plant lysosomes
  • PEROXISOMES - Contains enzymes for peroxide formation and destruction and isolated from leaves; associated w/ photosynthesis in plants
  • GLYOXYSOMES - Largest microbody