Cell - Structural and functional units of living organism
HANS & ZACHARIASJANSSEN - Produced first microscope (2 lenses)
ROBERTHOOKE - First to observe plant cells by examining the section of the cork
ROBERTBROWN - First observed the nucleus in hairs and other cells of orchids
MATTHIAS SCHLEIDEN - Stated that plants were composed of cells
THEODOR SCHWANN - States that animals were composed of cells
Cell Theory:
States that the bodies of plants and
membrane animals are composed of cells and their products and these ____ came from pre-existingcells
WATSON & CRICK - First to observed DNA molecule
RUDOLFVIRCHOW - Developed the idea of generation continuity of cells that is Omnis cellula e cellula
Omniscellulaecellula - arise from pre-existing cells
ANTONYVANLEEUWENHOEK - Introduced the microscope (1 lens) and first to observe single-celled organisms under the microscope
JOHANNESPURKINJE - Coined the term protoplasm
Protoplasm - the term for nucleoplasm + cytoplasm and is the living part of the cell
CellWall - Outermost part of the cell
Parts of Cell Wall:
Middle Lamella or Intercellular Layer
Primary Walla
Secondary Wall
Pits
MiddleLamella or IntercellularLayer - Holds the cells together Abd is made up of pectic substances
Pectin - functions as cementing material between adjacent cells (Middle Lamella or Intercellular Layer)
Primarywall - mainly composed of cellulose
Cutin - a fatty material usually found as a layer (primary wall)
cuticle - on outer walls of cells forming the exterior surfaces of land plants (primary wall)
Cuticle - is impermeable to water and protect leaves and stems against water loss (primary wall)
Secondary wall - Between primary wall and protoplasm and is thicker than the primary wall
Lignin - with ___ in woody structure of secondary wall
suberin - with ____ in cork cells of secondary wall
Pits - Region in the cell wall in which no secondary wall and deposited where water and other dissolved substance diffused from cell to cell
Plasmodesmata - Pores through which strands of cytoplasm extend from one cell to another
Plasmodesmata - Facilitating the transfer of materials and impulses
Pectin
CelluloseMicrofibril
Hemicellulose
Middle Lamella
PrimaryCellWall
Plasma Membrane
Protoplasm - Living part of the cell
Main Parts of Protoplasm:
Cell Membrane/ Plasmalemma
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Cellmembrane or Plasmalemma - Made up of two layers phospholipids with embedded proteins in between
Cytoplasm - where most of the cell's chemical reactions take place
EndoplasmicReticulum - System of extensive flattened vesicles that form branched, interconnected, closed systems and also forms the intercellular transport
ROUGHER - With ribosomes
SMOOTHER - Without ribosomes
GolgiBodies - Series of stacked discs, each composed of a flattened sac bounded by two membranes with small globular bodies or vesicles around the edges of these disc
Microbodies - Smallest single membrane-bounded organelles
SOGAERISINES - Plant lysosomes
PEROXISOMES - Contains enzymes for peroxide formation and destruction and isolated from leaves; associated w/ photosynthesis in plants