PLANETS

• Major planets in our solar systemInner planets (terrestrial planets)

  • Outer planets (gaseous or jovian planets)
• • Planets
Massive, spherical, have atmosphere, revolve around the sun, shine by reflected light, have no light of their own
• • Major planets in our solar system
  • Inner planets (terrestrial planets)
  • Outer planets (gaseous or jovian planets)
• • Terrestrial planets
Solid rock-like and dead
• • Terrestrial planets
  • Mercury
  • Venus
  • Earth
  • Mars
• • Jovian planets
Made almost entirely of hydrogen and helium, do not have solid surfaces
• • Jovian planets
  • Jupiter
  • Saturn
  • Uranus
  • Neptune
• • Mercury

  • Innermost and smallest planet, very hard to see, no atmosphere, extreme temperatures
• • Venus

  • Earth's twin sister, extremely hot and dense atmosphere, one of the brightest objects in our night sky
• • Earth
  • Densest of the eight planets, only planet known to support life, perfect location in the solar system
• • Mars
  • Rocky surface and polar ice caps, highest mountain in the solar system, two natural satellites
• • Jupiter
  • Largest planet, fast spinning, atmosphere with distinct bands of color, great red spot
• • Saturn
  • Second largest planet, least dense, has rings composed of water ice crystals and rock
• • Uranus
  • Third largest gas giant, coldest planet, bluish green in color
• • Neptune
  • Smallest but densest gas giant, bluish green color, has a dark colored storm called the great dark spot
• • GeologistsScientists who study the solid, liquid and gaseous matter that constitute the earth and other terrestrial planets as well as the processes that shape them

• • Layers of the earth's interior

  • Crust
  • Mantle
  • Core
• • The entire earth consists of 10 major tectonic plates that are continuously moving
• • Earthquake
The shaking and trembling of earth's crust that result from faulting of rocks and erupting volcanoes
• • Types of earthquakes
  • Tectonic
  • Volcanic
• • Tectonic earthquake
Occurs when two tectonic plates move suddenly against each other
• • Volcanic earthquake
Occurs in areas associated with volcanic activities
• • Seismology
The study of earthquakes and seismic waves that move through and around the earth
• • Seismologists
Scientists who study earthquakes and seismic waves
• • Seismographs
Instruments used to record the motion of the ground during an earthquake
• • Richter scaleUsed to measure the magnitude or energy released by an earthquake
• • Effects of earthquakes
  • Ground shaking
  • Landslides
  • Ground rupture
  • Tsunamis
  • Liquefaction
• • VolcanoAn opening in the earth's crust where molten rocks, ashes and gaseous materials are forced out
• • LavaMolten rock that erupts from a volcano and solidifies as it cools
• • MagmaThe hot molten rock beneath the earth's surface that collects before an eruption beneath a volcano
• • VentThe passageway through which magma travels to the earth's surface
• • CraterThe open, bowl-shaped depression at the top of a volcano
• • CalderaA very large crater that forms when the walls of a volcano collapse
• Nebular Theory the sun and planets formed from a rotating disk of dust and gasses
• A nebula is a cloud of gas and dust in space
• Mercury is the fastest planet in the solar system, with a mean orbital speed of 30 km/s