exogenic processes

Cards (46)

  • geologic processes
    • natural forces and mechanisms that shape and modify the earths surface overtime
  • geologic processes
    • natural forces and mechanisms that shape and modify the earths surface overtime
  • exogenic
    • exogenic processes is driven by external forces that operate and act on the surface of the earth
    • exogenic forces result in destruction of landforms through weathering and erosion
  • exogenic
    • exogenic processes is driven by external forces that operate and act on the surface of the earth
    • exogenic forces result in destruction of landforms through weathering and erosion
  • exogenic processes
    • weathering is the disintegration and decomposition of rocks in situ (no transportation involved)
    • erosion is the removal and transportation of material by water, wind, ice, or gravity
    • deposition is the settling of sediments into a new location
  • exogenic processes
    • weathering is the disintegration and decomposition of rocks in situ (no transportation involved)
    • erosion is the removal and transportation of material by water, wind, ice, or gravity
    • deposition is the settling of sediments into a new location
  • interconnectedness of exogenic processes
    • weathering is the breaking down of rocks and minerals
    • erosion is the movement of the weathered material
    • decomposition if the dropping off of the eroded material
  • interconnectedness of exogenic processes
    • weathering is the breaking down of rocks and minerals
    • erosion is the movement of the weathered material
    • decomposition if the dropping off of the eroded material
  • physical or mechanical weathering
    • disintegration and reduction of rock size without changing its chemical composition
  • physical or mechanical weathering
    • disintegration and reduction of rock size without changing its chemical composition
  • types of physical or mechanical weathering
    1. exfoliation
    2. frost wedging
    3. salt wedging
    4. temperature changes
    5. abrasion
  • types of physical or mechanical weathering
    1. exfoliation
    2. frost wedging
    3. salt wedging
    4. temperature changes
    5. abrasion
  • exfoliation
    • pressure in a rock is released along parallel lines near the surface of the rock
    • layers of the rock break off and fall
  • exfoliation
    • pressure in a rock is released along parallel lines near the surface of the rock
    • layers of the rock break off and fall
  • frost wedging
    • caused by freeze and thaw of water trapped between the racks of the rock
    • when water freezes, it expands and applies pressure to the rock forcing it to separate more
  • frost wedging
    • caused by freeze and thaw of water trapped between the racks of the rock
    • when water freezes, it expands and applies pressure to the rock forcing it to separate more
  • salt wedging
    • occurs when salts cryztalize as water evaporates
    • as salt crystals grow, it applies pressure to the rock which weakens it, eventually the rock cracks and breaks down
  • salt wedging
    • occurs when salts cryztalize as water evaporates
    • as salt crystals grow, it applies pressure to the rock which weakens it, eventually the rock cracks and breaks down
  • temperature changes
    • relationship of temperature to minerals; higher temp = minerals expand, lower temp = minerals contract
    • the gradual expansion and contraction of mineral weakens the rock
  • temperature changes
    • relationship of temperature to minerals; higher temp = minerals expand, lower temp = minerals contract
    • the gradual expansion and contraction of mineral weakens the rock
  • abrasion
    • rocks collide against each other while being transported
    • weathers the rock surface and breaks it into smaller particles then grains
  • abrasion
    • rocks collide against each other while being transported
    • weathers the rock surface and breaks it into smaller particles then grains
  • types of weathering
    1. physical or mechanical
    2. biological
    3. chemical
  • types of weathering
    1. physical or mechanical
    2. biological
    3. chemical
  • biological weathering
    • disintegration or decay of rocks caused by chemical or physical agents of organisms
  • biological weathering
    • disintegration or decay of rocks caused by chemical or physical agents of organisms
  • examples of biological weathering
    1. organic activity
    2. rock disintegration by plant growth
    3. burrowing and tunneling organisms
  • examples of biological weathering
    1. organic activity
    2. rock disintegration by plant growth
    3. burrowing and tunneling organisms
  • organic activity
    • from lichen and algae or secretion of acids
    • lichen is a symbiotic relationship between algae and moss
    • leaches minerals from the rock causing it to weaken and breakdown
    • decaying of plant minerals produces acid that dissolves exposed rock
    • presence of organisms growing, expanding, and moving on the surface of a rock exerts abrasion and pressure
  • organic activity
    • from lichen and algae or secretion of acids
    • lichen is a symbiotic relationship between algae and moss
    • leaches minerals from the rock causing it to weaken and breakdown
    • decaying of plant minerals produces acid that dissolves exposed rock
    • presence of organisms growing, expanding, and moving on the surface of a rock exerts abrasion and pressure
  • rock disintegration by plant growth
    • most common form
    • plant roots penetrate into cracks of rocks and cuases the rock to split into smaller particles
  • rock disintegration by plant growth
    • most common form
    • plant roots penetrate into cracks of rocks and cuases the rock to split into smaller particles
  • burrowing and tunneling organisms
    • animals burrow into rocks and causes it to break down and disintegrate
    • small animals like worm and insects contribute to this
  • burrowing and tunneling organisms
    • animals burrow into rocks and causes it to break down and disintegrate
    • small animals like worm and insects contribute to this
  • chemical weathering
    • involves chanegs of chemical composition of weathered material
  • chemical weathering
    • involves chanegs of chemical composition of weathered material
  • processes of chemcial weathering
    1. hydrolysis
    2. hydration
    3. oxidation
    4. carbonation
  • processes of chemcial weathering
    1. hydrolysis
    2. hydration
    3. oxidation
    4. carbonation
  • hydrolysis
    • reaction between mineral and water ions
    • results to rock surface decomposition by forming new compounds and by increasing the solution pH
    • silicate minerals form clay
  • hydrolysis
    • reaction between mineral and water ions
    • results to rock surface decomposition by forming new compounds and by increasing the solution pH
    • silicate minerals form clay