Aerobic and anaerobic respiration

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    • Aerobic respiration
      The chemical reactions in cells that use oxygen to break down nutrient molecules to release energy
    • Aerobic respiration

      1. Glucose reacts with oxygen
      2. Releases carbon dioxide
      3. Releases water
      4. Releases energy
    • Anaerobic respiration

      The chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules to release energy without using oxygen
    • Anaerobic respiration is a less efficient process than aerobic respiration because it releases much less energy per molecule of glucose
    • Anaerobic respiration in yeast

      1. Glucose is converted to carbon dioxide
      2. Glucose is converted to alcohol
      3. Releases energy
    • Oxygen debt

      The oxygen required to break down the accrued lactic acid after a period of high intensity exercise
    • Removing oxygen debt after exercise

      1. Heart rate remains elevated
      2. Breathing rate and depth remain elevated
      3. Provides additional oxygen for aerobic respiration of lactic acid in the liver
    • Anaerobic respiration converts glucose to lactic acid which accumulates in the muscle cells and blood, causing discomfort and muscle fatigue
    • Only when resting can sufficient oxygen be delivered to break down the lactic acid and for the muscles to regain their function
    • Lactic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide and water by aerobic respiration in the liver
    • Anaerobic respiration occurs in yeast cells and muscle cells during vigorous exercise
    • Aerobic respiration is a more efficient process than anaerobic respiration
    • Anaerobic respiration releases much less energy per molecule of glucose compared to aerobic respiration
    • Yeast is added to a sugary solution made from Hops and Grains, it converts some of the sugars to alcohol and also releases carbon dioxide which makes the drinks fizzy
    • During high intensity exercise, oxygen cannot be delivered quickly enough for the muscle cells to respire aerobically, so anaerobic respiration makes up the deficit
    • The balanced chemical equation for aerobic respiration is C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
    • The balanced chemical equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast is C6H12O6 -> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2