GEN-BIO

• Double fertilization event


  Egg cell fertilized by one sperm cell, other sperm cell fuses with central nuclei
• Double fertilization is a characteristic of angiosperms (flowering plants)
• Capillary - smallest blood vessel in the body
• Xylem - transport of water in plants
• Pulmonary circulation - is the circuit by which blood flows from the heart to the lungs, then back to the heart.
• circulatory system (cardiovascular system) - pumps blood from the heart to the lungs to get oxygen.
• Aorta - largest blood vessel in the body
• Transpiration in plants will be lowest when there is - high humidity in the atmosphere.
• Plasma - blood constituent makes up more of the volume of blood
• Platelets - blood constituent makes up more of the volume of blood
• White blood cell - blood components that acts as a soldier of our body which protects us agaist infection
• Valves - responsible to prevent the backward flow of blood
• vena cava - the largest vein in the body.
• Pulmonary artery - pumps blood low in oxygen to the lungs
• right atrium - receives blood low in oxygen from the body and then empties the blood into the right ventricle.
• Pulmonary Veins - collects the oxygenated blood and carry it from the lungs back to the heart
• pulmonary veins -These veins directly empty the blood into your left atrium. 
• Heart Valves - keeps your blood moving in the right direction
• left ventricle - pumps oxygen-rich blood into the main artery (aorta)
• Mitral Valves - valves that control blood flow in the heart which separates the lower left heart chamber and the body's main artery
• Aorta - main artery that carries blood away from your heart to the rest of your body
• Red Blood Cells - responsible for transporting oxygen to tissues around the body
• Testes - produce sperm and the male sex hormone
• Scrotum - support and protect the testes
• Urethra - conduct sperm and pathway for urine
• epididymis  - is a tube where sperm is stored.
• Prostate gland - produces fluid which makes up part of semen
• Seminal vesicles - secrete fluid that forms part of semen
• Reproduction is the production of offspring
• Asexual Reproduction - Requires only one parent
• Sexual Reproduction  Requires two parents that each share ½ of the genetic information.
• Embryo - Developing organism from zygote to birth
• Zygote - A single cell formed by fertilization
• Morphogenesis (Greek for “origin of form”)
• Nutrient – refers to any substance required for the growth and maintenance of an organism.
• autotrophs – organisms that obtain energy from sunlight and chemicals to produce their

  own food.
• heterotrophs – organisms that cannot make their own food and obtain their energy from

  other organisms.
• symplast route – through plasmodesmata
• apoplast route – along cell walls
• A Calorie is a unit of energy that indicates the amount of energy contained in food.