TLE

• Handicrafts are objects made completely by hand or with simple tools. T
• Design. This refers to an idea or an idea or an arrangement scheme that is shown or exhibited into a configuration, drawing, model, mold, pattern, plan or specification to work out the form of an object.
• Material. This is the most important element of handicraft which is used as input to a production process for subsequent transformation into the finished product.
• . Technique. This refers to the method and process on how the material is to be handled. The tools and equipment to be used will determine the technique to be applied in the production stage.
• Pottery is made by forming a clay body into objects of a required shape and heating them to high temperature
• Basket weaving (also basketry, basket making, or basketmaking) is the process of weaving unspun vegetable fibers into a basket or other similar form.
• Weaving is a method of fabric production in which two distinct sets of yarns or threads are interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or cloth.
• Tatting is a technique for handcrafting a particularly durable lace constructed by a series of knots and loops.
• Macramé or macrame is a form of textile -making using knotting rather than weaving or knitting.
• Crochet is a process of creating fabric from yarn, thread, or other material strands using a crochet hook. The word is derived from the Frenchword "crochet", meaning hook.
• Tapestry is a form of textile art, traditionally woven on a vertical loom. However, it can also be woven on a floor loom as well. I
• Mosaic is the art of creating images with an assemblage of small pieces of colored glass, stone, or other materials.
• Calligraphy (from Greek kallos "beauty" +graph ẽ "writing") is a type of visual art related to writing. It is the design and execution of lettering with a broad tip instrument or brush in one stroke (as opposed to build up lettering, in which the letters are drawn.).
• Artisan: Creates and sells unique handcrafted items.
• Craft instructor: Teaches others the art of handicraft making.
• Product designer: Designs new handicraft products for production
• Restoration specialist: Restores and preserves valuable handicrafts
• Elements of Design: The basic ingredients that make up your design
• Principles of Design: How you arrange and use the elements to create a pleasing and effective handicraft.
• Line: A long, thin mark with a length greater than its width.
• Shape: A closed two-dimensional area enclosed by a line.
• Color: The light reflected off an object that creates visual perception.
• Texture: The surface quality of an object, how it feels to the touch (visually or literally). Textures can be smooth, rough, glossy, matte, bumpy, or woven.
• Form: A three-dimensional shape. This can be the overall shape of your finished handicraft or the individual components within it.
• Balance: Arranging the elements in a way that feels visually stable and harmonious. This can be symmetrical balance (mirror image) or asymmetrical balance (elements create a sense of balance without mirroring).
• Emphasis: Drawing the viewer's eye to a specific part of your handicraft. This can be achieved through contrasting colors, sizes, or textures
• Proportion: The relationship in size and scale between different elements in your handicraft. Ensure elements relate to each other and the overall piece for a cohesive look.
• Rhythm: A feeling of movement or flow created by repeating elements, colors, or patterns. This can guide the viewer's eye around your handicraft.
• Harmony: Creating a sense of unity and pleasing arrangement of all the elements. Everything should work together to create a cohesive design.
• Pliers-are used for cutting wires.

  ▪ Mallet-It is made of hardwood and used for driving wood chisels.

  ▪ Claw Hammer- this is used for driving and pulling out nails.

  ▪ Hatchet-This is a small, short-handed tool like an axe usually used with one hand. It is used for cutting and hammering.
• Ruler- this is a measuring tool marked with the English and metric systems of measurement.

  ▪ T-square- It is a tool used for testing the squareness of a piece of stock. The blade is at right angle of any degree.

  ▪ Sliding t-bevel- This is a square used for making any angle of any degree.

  ▪ Scratch awl- This is used for drawing lines, marking off points in measuring, lining fine construction material and boring holes.

  ▪ Screwdriver- It is a tool with a flattened metal end that fits into the slot of a screw so that it will sink into wood or metal.
• Marking gauge- It is a tool used in marking parallel lines. It is provided with a steel point or spur in a wedge shape.

  ▪ Chisel- These are tools used to cut, pare, gouge, and engrave.

  ▪ Compass saw- It is a type of handsaw with a small tapering blade used for cutting a small circle or other shapes.

  ▪ Width sizing- It is used for sizing bamboo weavers. It is driven on a piece of block with a desired angle cut.

  ▪ Knives- These are tools of different sizes used for cutting.

  ▪ C-clamp- It resembles the capital letter C. It is used for clamping small pieces of stock.
• Nail set- This is a set of tools of different sizes or shapes used to drive the head of the nail so that it will sink below the surface of the wood.

  ▪ Block plane- This is a small plane from 13 to 18 cm. in length use in planning end grains.
• Abaca – known worldwide as Manila hemp. Abaca fiber is obtained from the leaf sheaths of the abaca (Musa textiles Nee) and is considered as the strongest among natural fibers
• Rattan – is superficially similar to bamboo, but distinct in that the stems are solid, rather than hollow, and also in their need for some sort of support.
• Bamboo – Stems of bamboo plants are stronger and flexible. Bamboo grows in all parts of the country – in plains, forests, hills and mountains
• Coconut Shells – Coconut trees are abundant in the Philippines. Coconut shells vary in thickness and color depending on the age of the nut.
• Fibers – They come from plants where fibers or threadlike substances are extracted. F
• 6. Buri – It is a palm from which three kinds of fibers, namely buri, raffia, and buntal, are obtained. The buri palm has large fan-shaped leaves with stout petioles ranging from 2 to 3 m in length. T
• Leather – is a material created through the tanning of hides, skins and kips of animals. Hides are skins from large animals like horses and carabaos.