1. Intro to Disasters

• DISASTER - a sudden calamitous event bringing great damage, loss, or destruction. (IFRC) This seriously disrupts the functioning of a community or society's ability to cope using its own resources.
• According to PDDRM Act of 2010, Disaster is a serious disruption of the function of a community or a c=society involving widespread human, material, economic, or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources.
• RISK - is the exposure of vulnerable communities to a hazard.
• PDRRM means?

  Philippine Disaster Risk and Reduction Management
• DISASTER RISK - the potential loss of life, injury, or destroyed or damaged assets, which could occur to a system, society, or a community in a specific period of time. Chance or likelihood of suffering harm and loss as a result of a hazardous event.
• HAZARD - a phenomenon or event that may pose danger to human lives and may cause destruction of properties and the environment.
• EXPOSURE - degree to which elements such as people and properties are at risk to potential losses due to a particular hazard.
• VULNERABILITY - degree of susceptibility or proneness of a community to the damaging effects of a hazard on a particular environment.
• Exposure is the degree of proneness of a community to the damaging effects of a hazard on a particular environment. TRUE or FALSE?

  FALSE
• CAPACITY - the ability of community, society, or organization in terms of its available resources, to support the people and to recover from the effects of hazard.
• TYPES OF DISASTERS:

  1. Natural Disasters
  2. Man-Made Disasters
• NATURAL DISASTERS - can't be prevented but can be anticipated generally.
• Natural Disasters can be classified as:

  • Geological (Earthquake, Volcanic Eruption)
  • Hydrometeorological (Typhoon, Tsunami)
• Natural Disasters

  Major: cyclones, tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and droughts

  Minor: thunderstorm, heat waves, mud slides, and cold waves
• MAN-MADE DISASTERS - can frequently be prevented and anticipated

  • SOCIOLOGICAL - is created intentionally or unintentionally by people and inflict harm on a certain part of society.
  • TECHNOLOGICAL - originate from technological and industrial accidents.
• TSUNAMI - series of oceanic gravity waves generated by earthquakes, landslides, and volcanic eruption.

  • Signs:
  • sudden drop or rise of sea water
  • roaring sound of incoming waves
  • earthquake that is strong enough to be felt
• Tsunamis are caused by:

  1. underwater earthquake
  2. underwater volcanic eruptions
  3. landslides
  4. underwater explosions
• STORM SURGE - abnormal rise in water generated by a storm, over and above the predicted astronomical tides
• TYPES OF HAZARDS

  1. Biological
  2. Chemical
  3. Ergonomic
  4. Physical
  5. Psychological
• ELEMENTS EXPOSED TO HAZARDS

  1. Physical - the country's location along the pacific ring of fire makes it highly susceptible to volcanic eruptions and earthquakes.
  2. Environmental - loss of rainforests and alteration of natural landforms exposes the Philippines to natural hazards.
  3. Social - urbanization causes the Philippines to be exposed to hazards.
  4. Economic - Agricultural and Fishery makes the country exposed to hazards, mainly typhoons, volcanic eruptions, and earthquakes.
• The natural hazards often cause the decline of crop production and the amount of fish caught, as well as the destruction of the areas of these livelihoods. As a result, supplies of crops and fish become limited that in turn raise their prices in the market. TRUE or FALSE?

  TRUE