Biology

• Endocrine glands include the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands (including the adrenal medulla), pancreas, ovaries/testes, and pineal gland.
• The main function of the endocrine system is to secrete hormones into the bloodstream, which then travel throughout the body.
• Infectious diseases, non-infectious diseases and there distinguishing factors.

  Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses or fungi. These microorganisms can enter the body and cause infection. Non-infectious diseases are medical conditions that are not caused by pathogens and cannot be transmitted from person to person.
• Homeostasis; a self-regulating process by which the body maintains stability while adjusting to changing external conditions.
• Hormone; chemical messengers secreted directly into the blood stream by specialised cells called endocrine cells
• Neuron; cell that transmits information between different parts of the nervous system
• Synapse; junction where one neuron communicates with another
• Neurotransmitter; chemicals released at synapses that transmit signals across the gap between two nerve cells
• Gland; tissue that produces substances used elsewhere in the body
• Two main parts of the nervous system; Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System.
• Peripheral Nervous System consists of the nerves that connect the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body.
• The Central Nervous System consists of the brain and spinal cord.
• The nervous system uses tiny cells, called neurons to send messages back-and-forth from the brain through the spinal cord to the nerves throughout the body.
• Epidemic; disease spread among a region / community

  Pandemic; disease spread globally
• White blood cells recognize and destroy pathogens by engulfing and digesting forgein particles and produce antibodies to target specific pathogens.