uthman (ra)

• election of Uthman

  • selected panel of 6
  • zubayr, talha, abdurahman, uthman, ali, sa’ad
  • abrurahman withdrew his name and became chairman
  • talha was not in Madinah at the time
  • narrowed down to Uthman and Ali
  • differing narrations
  • abdurahman asked questions and consulted and decided on Uthman
  • Ali offered his allegiance immediately
  • gave speech at Masjid Nabwi
• compilation of Quran under Uthman

  • changes in recitation amongst non Arabs
  • informed by Hudhaifa bin Yaman
  • Zayd bin Thabit appointed head again
  • removed all differences and misunderstandings
  • compared with Hafsa‘s master copy
  • Qurayshi dialect became standard
  • Uthmani script
  • Jami ul Quran
  • dispatched to all provinces and governors
  • all other copies burned
• charges against Uthman

  • plotted by hypocrites, rebels, bad guys
  • inefficient administration
  • leniency to familial governors
  • burning copies of Quran
  • spending from public treasury on relatives
• causes of revolt against Uthman

  • softhearted - never harsh towards careless gov officials
  • exiled Jews who plotted
  • conspiracy of Yemeni Jew, Abdullah ibn Saba, fake Muslim
  • political converts who caused chaos
  • rivalry between Umayyads and Hashemites
  • Uthman was old, had most of his work done by Secretary Marwan
  • Marwan - selfish bad guy
• Uthman didn't want bloodshed in Madinah so there was no army
• administration of Uthman

  • first six years successful
  • established Permanent Secretariat and Inspector of Markets
  • didn‘t change too much from Umar’s Caliph
  • divided into 12 provinces
  • would listen to Muslim complaints on Jummah
  • increased military power
  • increased military allowances
  • increased state revenue for public
  • salaries of Muadhin
  • established navy - 500 ships - Cyprus and NA
  • construction of Bridges and Roads
  • overhauled Deewan salary rolls
  • added 100 dirhams to annual stipends
  • digged wells, embankments, to prevent flooding
  • built port at Jeddah
  • had familial issues with governors
• martyrdom of Uthman

  • Rebellion intensified and demanded he give up caliph
  • I cannot take off the robe of honour with my own hands that god has bestowed upon me
  • Laid siege to his house for 40 days
  • left for salah, water supply cut off
  • Ali, talha, zubayrs sons protected house
  • rebels knew Uthman supporters were coming soon so acted quick
  • either pilgrims from Hajj or Syrian Elite Force
  • tried to reason with rebels, they didn’t care
  • rebels outnumbered Muslims
  • blood on ayah 137 Baqarah
  • naila 2 fingers cut off
  • Amr ibn Hamq cut off his head
  • 80 years old
  • Friday, 17 Dhul Hijjah, 35 AH