english q4 research

• research is an action which means “to look for

  something again”.
• Research can be defined as “a systematic and scientific procedure of data collection,

  compilation, analysis, interpretation, and implication pertaining to any problem.”
• The main purpose of research is to inform action, to prove a theory, and contribute to

  developing knowledge in a field or study.
• SPECIFIC – The research should be precise and focused, not vague or broad
• MEASURABLE – Research is quantifiable or verifiable, not subjective.
• ACHIEVABLE – Research should be realistic and feasible
• RELEVANT/REALISTIC – Research should be meaningful, interesting, significant to the field

  of study.
• TIME-BOUND – Research should be done feasibly within the timeframe
• QUALITIES OF A GOOD RESEARCHER

  • Curious

  • Efficient

  • Logical

  • Effective

  • Active

  • Practical

  • Inventive

  • Honest

  • Cost-Effective
• Chapter 1 “The Problem and Its Background”
• Chapter 2 “Related Literature and Studies”
• Chapter 3 “Methods of Research and Procedures”
• Chapter 4 “Analysis, Presentation, and Interpretation of Data”
• Chapter 5 “Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations”
• Basic Research – it seeks to discover basic truths or principles
• Applied Research – this type of research involves seeking new applications of scientific

  knowledge to the solution of a problem
• Developmental Research – this is decision-oriented research involving the application of the

  steps of the scientific method in response to an immediate need to improve existing practice
• Qualitative research - involves non-numerical data, such as opinions and literature. It uses

  descriptions to obtain the meanings and feelings involved in a situation.
• Quantitative research - depends on numerical data, such as statistics and measurements, to

  investigate specific questions, like who, what, where or when. The results are usually presented

  in tables or graphs.
• Aim (Purpose) answers the questions “Why do I want to conduct this study?”
• Topic (Subject Matter) answers the question “What do I want to study about?”
• Place (Locale) answers the question “Where do I conduct the study?”
• Period answers the question “How long will it take for me to finish the study?”
• Population or Respondents answers the question “From whom will my date come from or be

  collected?”.
• It is the first part of a research paper, usually called Introduction or Chapter 1. This

  introduces the research problem and explains the general gist of the research paper
• Background of the Study

  • It gives the readers important information about the research being conducted.
  • It cites why the researcher chooses to study a particular topic.
  • It describes the setting or the place where the research will take place.
  • It presents relevant literature related to the study he/she is conducting.
  • It justifies the need for the research study.
• Statement of the Problem

  • It is also called the heart of a research study.
  • It is when the general and specific problems or objectives are presented.
• Hypothesis

  • It is defined as a temporary answer to a research problem.
• Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

  A theoretical framework is adopted when a particular theory is enough to provide

  a theoretical basis for the study's conduct.
• A Conceptual framework is used when the concepts from different theories are

  borrowed to provide bases for an investigation.
• Significance of the Study

  • It explains how the study will be beneficial.
• Definition of Terms

  • It presents the key terms used in the study.
• Scope and Limitations

  • It explains to what extent the research will cover.
• DEFINITION

  • Is a word or expression that has precise meaning in some used or is peculiar in science, art, profession, or

  subject.
• A technical definition articulates what exactly is to be measured or observed in a study.
• An operational definition articulates how to capture (identify, create, measure, assess etc.) the

  value.
• the researchers must look for academic and

  research journals, books, and other similar documents that contain reports of previous research studies

  about a topic related to the present research. This is called a Literature Review or Review of Related

  Literature.
• General references – are sources that researchers first access to give them information about other

  sources such as research articles, professional journals, books, monographs, conference proceedings,

  and similar documents.
• Primary sources – are those that provide first-hand information about experts’ and other researchers’

  publications.
• Secondary sources – are those written by authors that describe another researcher’s works.