LESSON 2

• Drying Method - This is one of the oldest and simplest methods of preserving food. Dried food does not soil because the moisture content is kept low.
• Pickling Method - This is done by fermenting food in brine in order to produce lactic acid or storing it in an acid solution like vinegar.
• Adobo Method - In Spanish, this means seasoning or marinating.
• Salting Method - Bacteria, fungi and other pathogenic organisms cannot survive in an environment that is very salty.
• Marinating Method - This is a process wherein food is soaked in seasoned, acidic liquid before cooking it.
• Smoking Method - Smoked meat or fish is one of the best methods for a multi day camp-out.
• Pre-cooking method - The procedure for cooking the food is the same. The only difference is that it is half-cooked before it is packed.
• A-frame Tent - As one of the tents around today, it stands out with its rigid structure and low center. They have a particular design with an A-shape, hence the name, that includes two poles crossing each other near one corner that anchors the tent into place.
• Dome Tent - These tents offer an outstanding balance of space and affordability. What sets this tent apart is that it usually has two arched poles, which come together to form an apex at the top, giving its distinctive dome shape.
• Backpacking Tent - As the name suggests, these tents are designed with long-distance travel and rugged conditions in mind, making them an ideal choice for hikers and campers without easy access to shelter or supplies.
• Pop-up tent - have become increasingly popular because they are relatively affordable and require little setup time and skill. These tents offer a different take on traditional tent types since they snap into place in a matter of seconds.
• Tunnel Tent - They usually comprise one or two flexible poles forming a tunnel-like shape, giving the tent a distinctive look. As such, they create an extremely spacious interior with plenty of headroom.
• Inflatable tent - This tent usually made with robust fabrics and feature a single-inflation point system that helps facilitate easy setup and takedowns.
• Teepee Lay (The typical Campfire) - There’s a reason this is the go-to campfire lay for most outdoorsmen: it’s very easy to get a fire going with a teepee lay. It’s also a great fire for cooking and warmth. The one downside of a teepee fire is that it burns quickly, requiring a lot of fuel to keep it going.
• Lean-to fire lay - creates a protective canopy under which you can place your tinder bundle. As such, it’s a good fire to use in windy or rainy conditions. The trade-off is that this set-up does restrict airflow a little, so it can sometimes make getting a fire going a bit harder.
• Star fire lay - If you’ve watched old Western movies, you’ve likely seen a star fire lay. It’s the fire lay of choice for cowboys ranging in areas where there isn’t much wood. The star fire lay doesn’t make a very big or hot fire, but it’s economical in terms of fuel and easy to set up.
• Log Cabin Fire lay - One glance at its structure and it’s easy to see how this got its name. You’re going to build a small log cabin with fuel logs around a small teepee fire lay. The resulting fire burns big and hot and doesn’t require as much tending once you light it, as the flames start burning the big logs which form the log cabin shape.
• Parallel/long fire lay - The structure of this fire lay funnels air into the fire, creating a hotter burn, which can come in handy for cooking. Because the structure blocks the wind from the sides, it can also be a good fire lay for windy conditions.
• Pyramid/upside down/council fire lay - The ultimate “set it and forget it” fire lay, this campfire will last for hours without tending. While it does take more work to set it up and get it going, if you need a fire that will keep you warm through the night, without you having to frequently arise to fuel it, this is the lay for you.
• Three-Point Fireplace - This is the simplest fireplace for a single pot or pan. Just place three rocks or even sizes around the fire. Or punch three metal tent pegs into the ground.
• Hunter’s fireplace - If you have logs, use them for a “hunter’s fire.” Place two of them close enough together to support your utensils. Since the fire eats up the logs from the inside, you will have to replace them from time to time.
• Trench Fireplace - In an open field, this fireplace is safer than an above-the-ground fireplace on a windy day.
• Bean Hole Fireplace - To cook this you need a hole in the ground large enough to hold a bean pot. Here, too, take care of turfs. Light a fire in the hole. Use the fire to cook the beans until they are soft. Then use the coals to bake them.