Chemistry on Earth

• Magma is found in the mantle.
• The 4 layers of the earth are : crust, mantle, inner, and the outer core
• Rocks that absorb water are: porous
• The 4 spheres are the lithosphere (land) hydrosphere (water) biosphere (life) atmosphere (air)
• Igneous rocks are formed when magma cools and solidifies
• How are Igneous rocks formed?

  When magma cools and solidifies
• What is magma called once it reaches the surface?

  Lava
• Give 2 examples of igneous rocks

  Granite and Basalt
• What is erosion?

  Erosion is the movement of rocks by wind, moving water and ice.
• What are the 2 types of sedimentary rocks?

  Sandstone and Limestone
• What are the 2 types of Metamorphic rocks?

  Slate and marble
• What is weathering?

  Is the breakdown of rocks by physical and chemical processes
• Physical weathering


  It is the process that breaks down rocks apart without changing their chemical composition
• How are sedimentary rocks formed?

  They are made from layers of sediment at the bottom of rivers or seas.
• What is the photosynthesis word equation?

  carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen
• What are greenhouse gases?

  They are gases in the earth's atmosphere that absorb and trap heat from the sun.
• What type of rock do we find fossils in?

  Sedimentary rocks
• What is fossilisation?

  The process of which a fossil is formed
• What is the percentage of Nitrogen, oxygen and carbon dioxide?

  Nitrogen (78%) Oxygen (20-21%) Carbon dioxide (0.04%)