WOOD

• Wood


  A traditional building material that is easily worked, has durability, and beauty. It has great ability to absorb shocks from sudden load. It has freedom from rust and corrosion, is comparatively light in weight, and is adaptable to a countless variety of purpose
• Classification of Trees


  • Hardwood
  • Softwood
• Hardwood


  • Deciduous trees that have broad leaves which are normally shed in the wintertime. Slow growth results in the wood having a closer grain, making it stronger and harder. It also gives better aesthetic qualities due to the interesting colors and grain patterns
• Softwood


  • Conifers trees that have needles rather than leaves and that bear their seeds in cones. They grow quicker than other types of trees and can be harvested more regularly and replaced in a sustainable way. There's always a steady supply and they are usually cheaper
• Timber


  Wood that has been processed into beams and planks. Also known as "lumber" in the U.S and Canada. Any wood capable of yielding a minimum dimensional size can be termed as timber or lumber. It is a stage in the process of wood production. Timbers are used for structural purposes
• Categories of Philippine Timber


  • First Group
  • Second Group
  • Third Group
  • Fourth Group
• First Group Philippine Timber


  • Narra
  • Yakal & Guiso
  • Tanguile and Apitong
  • Kamagong
• Drying Process and Chemical Treatments


  • Increases resistance to 1) Decay/Rotting (Air Dried)
  • Fungi (Kiln Dried)
  • Insect infestations
• Wood as Construction Material and Decorative Finish


  • Anisotropic material
  • Bow
  • Cup
  • Crook
  • Twist
  • Wane
  • Knot
  • Knot Hole
  • Check
  • Shake
  • Split
• Wood Panel Products

  • Plywood
  • Composite Panels
  • Particle Board Panels
• Yakal & Guiso

  o   Both hard woods, used for post and girders or slabs attached so concrete, and also for wooden decks having flooring and railings exposed to weather.
• Kamagong

  o   hardwood for chests, jewel boxes, and stair frames.
• Tanguile and Apitong

  o   the most common lumber in the market. It is used generally for Framing, Joints, Trusses, Nailers, etc.
• Narra

  o   Most Expensive used in/for Furniture and Paneling’s, for expensive floorings, door panels, stairs.
• Anisotropic material

  -      having a physical property that has a different value when measured in different values when measured in different directions, Solid wood members are strongest when cut and used with grain, weaker at cross grain.
• Anisotropic material

  Highly resistant to acid, salts, and chemicals
• Anisotropic material

  It expands or shrinks based on moisture content.
• Composite Panels

  o   Two or more parallel veneer sheets bonded together, core is reconstituted wood fibers and synthetic adhesive heat and pressure.
• Particle Board Panels

  o   Made up of smaller wood particles and ahs finer appearance similar to plane solid wood.
• Wood Panel Products

  -      Less Vulnerable to swelling and shrinkage due to moisture and temperature changes.