Glaciers

• before the ice age, the rivers created v-shaped valleys because they have less energy as they erode compared to a U-shaped valley, which has more power to do lateral abrasion and vertical. As the glacier moves downslope due to gravity it uses abrasion to deepen the valley and it plucks the rock to steepen the sides which carves out the u-shaped valley. U-shaped valleys have flat valley floors because they scour everything until it reaches the bottom of the landscape.
• Avalanches mainly occur when heavy new snowfall accumulates on a weaker crust, when disturbed the heavier layer of snow slides along the crust layer. Resulting in a slab avalanche that travels at 85mph with a lot of force. The slope is normally 25 degrees angle or steeper. The weaker would be made up of smooth snow whilst the rest is jagged snow
• What are interglacials?

  Warmer periods of time where glaciers retreat and sea levels rise
• It is colder in the poles because they receive less concentration of the suns energy
• abrasion is the wearing away of the surface of a rock by the action of water or ice
• Plucking occurs as ice and glaciers move, they scrape along the surrounding rock and pull or pluck it off.
• deposition is when material is dropped due to loss of energy
• Name 2 ways to manage avalanches


  snow fences and explosives to create smaller controlled avalanches