BIOCHEM LEC ENZYMES
Cards (47)
- any one of many specialized organic substances, composed of polymers amino acids, that acts as catalysts to regulate the speed of the many chemical reactions involved in the metabolism of living organisms
- it was suggest in 1867
- german physiologist
- derived from the greek phase, meaning “in leaven”
- substance acted upon by the enzyme
- catalyzed the transfer of a group of atoms
- catalyzed oxidation and reductions
- catalyze hydrolysis reaction
- catalyze the addition of a group to a double bond or the removal of two groups from adjacent atoms to create a double
- catalyze isomerization reactions
- catalyze the joining of two molecules
- example of a common name
- nonprotein part of an enzyme necessary for its catalytic function
- protein portion of the enzyme
- a nonprotein organic molecule, frequently a B vitamin, that acts as a cofactor
- the compound on which the enzyme works and whose reaction it speeds up
- a three-dimensional cavity of the enzyme with specific chemical properties that enable it to accommodate the substrate
- any process that makes ak active enzyme less active or inactive
- an enzyme regulation in which an inhibitor competes with the substrate for the active site
- an enzyme regulation in which an inhibitor binds to the enzyme outside of the active site, thereby changing the shape of the active site and reducing its catalytic activity
- apoenzyme (protein) + coenzyme (activator)
- consists entirely of amino acid units
- examples of simple proteins
- protein part. inactive by itself
- nonprotein moiety, the activator
- the enzyme has its particular shape necessary to maintain the active site
- catalyze a particular reaction for one particular substrate only and will have no catalytic effect on substrate which are closely related
- example for absolute specificity, only for urea; not for methyl urea, not for buiret
- catalyze stereochemical reactions
- example of stereochemical specificity
- catalyze oxidation of L-lactic acid but not D-lactic acid
- less selective and will act upon structurally similar moleculed
- example of group specificit
- the least specific, attack a particular kind of bind irrespective of the structure features in the vicinity of the linkage