geog paper 1A

• Typhoon Haiyan Primary Effects

  • Strong winds caused damage to buildings and powerlines and destroyed crops. *This created problems with communication and large amounts of economic loss for local farmers.
  • 6300 people died, most drowned by the storm serge.*This resulted in long lasting social impacts for local people and families
• Typhoon Haiyan Secondary Effects

  -An oil barge was taken by the typhoon in Estancia causing an 800,000 liter oil leak contaminating 10 hectors of mangrove swamp.
• Typhoon Haiyan Secondary Effects

  -Shortages of food, water and shelter affected many leading to an outbreak of disease which spread rapidly and killed even more people.
• Typhoon Haiyan Immediate Responses

  Over 1 million food packs and 250,000 liters of bottled water were distributed through emergency aid.
• Typhoon Haiyan Immediate Responses

  1.5 billion USD was pledged in foreign aid which saved many lives in the weeks after the disaster.
• Typhoon Haiyan Long-term Responses

  Aid agencies such as Oxfam supported the replacement of fishing boats, a vital source of income for local people.
• Somerset levels flood - social effects

  600 houses flooded, residents forced to be evacuated into temporary acumination for several months.
• Somerset levels flood - Economic effects

  Floods cost Somerset around £150 million. Over 1400 hectors of agricultural land was under water for weeks. 80 roads were closed.
• Somerset levels flood - Environmental effects

  Flood water was heavily contaminated with sewage and other pollutants. Huge amounts of debris also had to be cleared.
• Somerset levels flood immediate responses

  Villages cut off by the floods used boats to gather supplies and got to school/work. Local community groups and volunteers gave up time to support local people affected.
• Somerset levels flood long-term responses

  Somerset rivers authority was launched in January 2015 to implement the flood protection and resistance strategies identified in Somersets £100 million flood action plan. River tone and parratt were dredged at a cost of £6 million. There were also plans to construct tidal barriers to reduce tidal flood.
• Nepal earthquake immediate responses

  300,000 people migrated away to seek shelter. 500,000 tents were provided for people needing shelter who had lost their homes.
• Nepal earthquake long-term responses

  Thousands of homeless people were re-housed and damages to buildings were repaired. Stricter controls were over where you were aloud to build were put into place to decrease the severity of impacts if it occurred again.
• Nepal earthquake primary effects

  20,000 people injured, 9,000 people died. There was widespread destruction to buildings with 3,000,000 made homeless and 7,000 schools destroyed. The total cost of all of the destruction was over 5 billion USD.
• Nepal earthquake secondary effects

  Tourism numbers significantly decreased in future years. An avalanche left 250 people missing, blocked roads and slowed down relief efforts.
• Chile earthquake immediate responses

  Power and water restored to 90% of homes within 10 days. A national appeal raised 60 million USD, enough to build 30,000 small emergency shelters.
• Chile earthquake long-term responses

  1 month after the government launched a housing reconstruction plan to help 200,000 households effected by the earthquake. Chiles strong economy based on copper exports could continue to grow without the need of foreign aid.
• Chile earthquake primary effects

  12,000 injured and 500 killed. Cost around 30 billion dollars. 220,000 homes destroyed and 4,500 schools destroyed.
• Chile earthquake secondary effects

  A fire at a chemical plant near Santiago occurred. 1500km of roads damaged by landslides.
• Strategies to mitigate climate change

  Alternative energy production, carbon capture, planting trees, international agreements.
• Adaptations to climate change

  Managing water supplies, agriculture change, adapting housing designs to be able to cope with new and more intense weather, building defences to reduce risk of rising sea levels.