LESSON 7

• Hydrometeorological Hazard


  Processes or phenomena of atmospheric, hydrological or oceanographic nature that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damages, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruptions or even environmental damages
• El Niño


  Associated with having no rain, hence the fear of drought and consequently dried-up fields and low water level in dams and reservoirs for domestic, agricultural, and industrial uses
• El Niño


  The boy child
• El Niño


  Commonly accepted term to describe the warning of central and eastern tropical pacific ocean
• La Niña


  Associated with heavy rainfall and hazards such as floods
• La Niña


  The girl child
• La Niña


  The opposite of El Niño
• Tropical Cyclone


  • An intense low pressure system which is characterized by strong spiral winds towards the center, called the "Eye"
  • Hazard due to tropical cyclones are strong winds with heavy rainfall that can cause widespread flooding/flash floods, storm surges, landslides and mudflows

  
• Classification of Cyclone


  • Tropical Depression - maximum winds from 35 kilometers per hour (kph) to 63 kph
  • Tropical Storm - maximum winds from 64 kph to 118 kph
  • Typhoon - maximum winds exceeding 118 kph

  
• Floods


  • Affect low-lying and coastal areas, due to the overflowing of water from lakes, streams, and other bodies of water
  • The accumulation of rainwater in drainage also causes flood, particularly in urban areas
  • Flood can be caused by natural and human activities
• Natural causes of floods


  • Prolonged rainfall
  • Storm surge
  • High tide
• Man-made causes of floods

  • Increased urbanization and coastal development
  • Informal settlers
  • Indiscriminate dumping of garbage
  • Deforestation
  • Failure of levees and dams
  • Blasting