Circulatory System

• the blood flows freely through cavities since there are no vessels to conduct the blood

  open circulatory system
• the blood flows through the arteries and veins connected together by capillaries


  closed circulatory system
• organisms which have a two-cell layer covering, get their supply of gases and excrete wastes through diffusion

  simple organisms
• blood flows between the heart and the lungs to become oxygenated 


  pulmonary circulation
• blood is distributed to the tissues and other systems of the body

  systemic circulation
• a muscle that is about the size of a fist pumps blood throughout the body

  heart
• chambers of the heart

  right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
• valves of the heart

  pulmonary valve, tricuspid valve, aortic valve, mitral valve
• opens when the atria contract

  pulmonary valve, tricuspid valve
• opens when the ventricles contact

  aortic valve, mitral valve
• thick and elastic red colored muscular wall that carries blood away from the heart

  artery
• a thinner blue-colored muscular walls that returns blood back to the heart

  vein
• the arteries: aorta=to brain and left arm, carotid=to head to right arm to body, pulmonary artery=to lungs
• the veins: superior vena cava=from upper body, pulmonary vein=from lung, inferior vena cava=from lower body,
• a tiny one-cell thick vessel that connects the arteries and veins together. it carries the blood and nutrients inside the tissues and organs

  capillary
• red blood cells remove waste and deliver oxygen

  erythrocytes
• white blood cells help to defend the body against infection

  leukocytes
• platelets form a clot and prevent bleeding


  thrombocytes
• 1. capillaries
  2. Superior vena cava and inferior vena cava
  3. right atrium
  4. tricuspid valve
  5. right ventricle
  6. pulmonary valve
  7. pulmonary artery to alveoli of the lungs
  8. pulmonary veins from the alveoli of the lungs
  9. left atrium
  10. mitral valve
  11. left ventricle
  12. aortic valve
  13. aorta and carotid
• blood gets filtered inside the blood capillaries found in the kidneys. useful substances will be absorbed back by the blood while wastes will be removed in the form of urine
• the vascular system transports water and nutrients from thee roots to the different parts of the plant
• carries water and minerals upward, from the root to its different parts

  xylem
• moves water and nutrients throughout the different parts of the root

  phloem