Symbolism in the Tree of Life mosaic

• Symbolism


  Images used to show or represent religious beliefs
• Apse


  A large, usually domed, area at the eastern end of a church
• Evangelist


  One of the four Gospel writers: Matthew, Mark, Luke and John
• Symbolism is used extensively in Christianity as a way of giving messages and showing religious beliefs
• The Tree of Life mosaic is an example of Christian art which is filled with symbolism
• The Tree of Life mosaic is located in the apse in San Clemente (a minor basilica in Rome) and is believed to have been created around the twelfth century
• Alpha (A) and Omega (Ω)


  The first and last letters of the Greek alphabet, used to refer to Jesus as eternal
• In Revelations, God is referred to as Alpha and Omega, and Jesus is also referred to as Alpha and Omega, showing Jesus' connection to and identity with God
• Chi-Rho


  A symbol representing Jesus, made from the first two letters of the Greek word for Christ
• Lamb


  A symbol of Jesus as the sacrificial Lamb of God who saved humanity with his death and resurrection
• At the bottom of the mosaic there are thirteen lambs representing the twelve apostles and Jesus
• Dove


  A symbol of the Holy Spirit, representing the twelve apostles being guided by the Holy Spirit
• Four evangelists


  Matthew (human), Mark (lion), Luke (ox), John (eagle)
• The symbolism of the four evangelists originates from Revelations 4:6-7
• Tree of Life


  A symbol of Christ as the New Adam, who removes the stain of sin and restores the relationship between humankind and God
• The cross is growing from the Tree of Life, showing that through Christ's death on the cross, salvation is given to everyone and all people are given eternal life
• The vibrant and swirling vines that sprout from the Tree of Life cover the whole mosaic and reach all of humanity, showing that life comes from Christ's sacrifice