Drrm

• Triage- sorting of clients based on the severity of health problems
• Triage - french word "trier" to sort
• Triage - hierarchy based on the potential for life loss
• Red - Immediate life threatening (severe injuries but high potential for survival with treatment)
• Yellow - delayed, significant injuries (serious injuries but not immediately life threatening)
• Green - Minimal, minor injuries ( walking wounded)
• Black - expectant, extensive injuries or dead
• Primary survey

  1. Airway
  2. Breathing
  3. Circulation
  4. Disability
  5. Expose
  6. Glascow coma scale (highest score 15)
• Secondary survey - done after the priorities has been address
• Shock - depressed condition of many body functions due to failure of enough blood to circulate throughout the body following serious injury
• Factors which contribute to shock

  1. Pain
  2. Rough handling
  3. Improper handling
  4. Continuos bleeding
  5. Exposure to extreme cold or excessive heat
  6. Fatigue
• Wound - A break in the continuity of a tissue of the body either internal or external
• Closed wound - involves underlying tissue without break/damage in the skin or mucous membrane
• First aid of closed wound

  • Ice application
  • Compression
  • Elevation
  • Sprinting
• Open wound - a break in the skin or mucous membrane or the protective skin layer is damage.
• Classification of open wound

  • Puncture
  • Abrasion
  • Laceration
  • Avulsion
  • Incision
• Dangers of open wound

  • Hemorrhage
  • Infection
  • Shock
• Kinds of bleeding

  • Arterial bleeding
  • Venous bleeding
  • Capillary bleeding
• 4c of first aid management wound with severe bleeding

  1. Control bleeding
  2. Cover the wound
  3. Care for shock
  4. Consult or refer to physician
• Bone, joints and muscle injuries

  1. Muscle cramp (spasms)
  2. Muscle strain/pulled muscle
  3. Sprain
  4. Dislocation
• Dorsiflexion - Best way to manage cramps
• NSAIDS - over the counter drug

  • Paracetamol (Fast acting NSAID)
  • Ibuprofen
  • Mefenamic acid
• NSAID - Non-steriodal Anti- Inflammatory drugs
• Puncture

  Cause by an object piercing the skin and creating a small hose
• Abrasion

  Denoted skin, it damages the epidermis
• Laceration

  Skin tearing with irregular eages
• Avulsion - tearing away of akin tissue from it's supporting structure
• Hemoptysis

  Coughing up blood from the lungs
• Hematemesis

  Vomiting of blood
• Hematuria

  Blood in urine
• Melena

  Blood in poop