Science

• Globe


  Spherical model of Earth

  
• Map


  Flat representation of an area
• Imaginary lines help in establishing the locations of places on Earth


  1. Equator

  2. Prime Meridian

  3. Lines of Latitude

  4. Lines of Longitude

  
• Equator


  • Great imaginary line around the middle of the earth running west & east
  • Divides the earth into two equal parts – the Northern & Southern Hemispheres

  
• Prime Meridian


  • Imaginary line on the surface of the earth running from the north geographic pole to the south geographic pole
  • Divides the earth into two equal parts – the Western and the Eastern Hemispheres

  
• Lines of Latitude


  • Imaginary lines that run across the world from east to west parallel to the Equator
  • Measurement of distance in degrees north and south of the equator
  • 90 degrees of latitude from the equator to each of the poles, north and south
  • One degree of latitude is equal to 70 miles or 112 km
  • Same distance apart, sometimes referred to as parallels

  
• Lines of Longitude


  • Measurement of distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian
  • 180 degrees of longitude on each side of the prime meridian
  • Distance between the 2 meridians decreases as one moves toward the poles and greatest at the equator by about 70 miles

  
• 2 Ways to define the location of a place

  • Relative location
  • Absolute location
• Relative location


  Location in relation to other landmasses or body of water surrounded in a certain country
• Absolute location


  Location in terms of latitude and longitude
• Coordinate System


  • A geographic coordinate system is a three-dimensional reference system that locates points on the Earth's surface
  • The unit of measure is usually decimal degrees
  • A point has two coordinate values: latitude and longitude

  
• In stating the location of a place, write first the latitude grid with direction then the longitude grid with direction
• Instances where you would need to know how to find the longitude and latitude


  • Tracking typhoon
  • Emergency situation like plane crash or ship sinking
• Coordinates are two sets of degrees and cardinal directions
• The appropriate writing of coordinates is latitude first, then longitude

  
• The exact location of the Philippines is between 4° and 21° North latitude and 116 ° and 127 ° East longitude
• Prime Meridian


  • Vertical, center line on a globe

  
• Lines of latitude and longitude


  • Measured in degrees of a circle

  
• The equator divides the earth into 2 parts

  
• Longitude lines on a globe run from north to south

  
• Latitude lines on a globe run from east to west

  
• The reference line for measuring latitude is the equator

  
• The distance between any longitudes on the surface of the earth is longer nearer the equator

  
• The exact location of a place can be determined by locating its coordinates of latitude and longitude
• Map


  Flat representation that shows all or part of the earth surface