Dietary Management of Most Common Medical Conditions

• Conditions

  • Hypertension
  • Cardiovascular Diseases
  • Diabetes Mellitus
• Hypertension

  • High Blood Pressure
• Greater or equal to 130 is the Systolic number when the heart contracts
• Greater or equal to 80 is the Diastolic number when the heart rests
• A Healthy blood vessel has a Normal interior diameter
• A Hypertensive blood vessel has a Narrow interior diamter (Reduced Interior diameter), and an Increased wall thickness
• Normal BP is <120 and <80
• Elevated BP is 120-129 and <80
• High BP (Hypertension Stage 1) is 130-139 or 80-89
• Stage 2 is 140 or higher or, 90 or higher
• Hypertensive Crisis (Consult your doctor immediately) is higher than 180 and/or higher than 120
• Genetic Influences include:

  1. Defects in renal sodium homeostasis
  2. Functional vasoconstriction
  3. Defects in vascular smooth muscle growth and structure
• Defects in renal sodium homeostasis result in:

  1. Inadequate sodium excretion
  2. Salt and water retention
  3. Increased Plasma and ECF volume
• Increased Plasma and ECF volume results in Increased Cardiac output (autoregulation)
• Increased Plasma and ECF volume results in Increased Natriuretic hormone
• Functional vasoconstriction results in Increased Vascular reactivity
• Increased Natriuretic hormone results in Inreased Vascular reactivity
• Increased Vascular reactivity results in Increased Vascular wall thickness
• Increased Vascular reactivity results in Increased Total peripheral resistance
• Defects in vascular smooth muscle growth and structure results in Increased Vascular wall thickness
• Increased Vascular wall thickness results in Increased Total peripheral resistance
• Increased Cardiac output (autoregulation) and Increased Total peripheral resistance results in HYPERTENSION
• DASH diet is the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
• DASH diet contains 6-8 servings per day of whole grains
• DASH diet contains 4-5 servings per day of vegetables
• DASH diet contains 4-5 servings per day of fruits
• DASH diet contains 2-3 servings per day of fat-free or low-fat dairy
• DASH diet contains 4-5 servings per week of nuts, seeds, legumes
• DASH diet contains less than 6 servings per day of lean meat, poultry, fish
• DASH diet contains less than 5 servings per week of sweets
• DASH diet contains 2-3 servings per day of fats and oils
• The CVDs

  • Coronary Heart Disease
  • Cerebrovascular Disease
  • Peripheral Artery Disease
  • Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism
  • Rheumatic Heart Disease
  • Congenital Heart Disease
• Cardiovascular Diseases posses a Systematic Inflammation and Direct Viral Infection
• Cardiovascular Diseases include:

  • Cardiac Injury
  • Stroke
  • Myocardial Infarction
  • Arryhthmia
  • Thromboembolism
• Cardiac Injury

  Incidence: ¬20%

  Mortality: ¬50%
• Stroke

  Incidence: 3%

  Mortality: ¬40%
• Arryhthmia

  Incidence: 44%
• Thromboembolism

  Incidence: ¬20%

  Mortality: ¬30%
• The CVDs

  • Ischaemic heart disease
  • Hypertensive heart diseases
  • Rheumatic heart disease
  • Endocarditis
  • Cardiomyopathy
  • Myocarditis
  • Congenital heart dieases
• Ischaemic heart disease


  heart diseases caused by blockage of the blood flow to the heart