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DATABASE (2ND YEAR 3RD TERM)
SELECT
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INTRODUCTION
TO COMPUTING
Course Code:
CCINCOM
/
L
Joseph
Marvin R. Imperial
NU College
of Computing and
Information Technologies
SELECT
QUERY
Lord Edgardian
J.
Tavu
, MSCS
CS
Program
Chair
ADVANCED
DATABASE SYSTEMS
Course
Code:
CTADVDBL
Department of
Computer Science
College
of Computing and Information Technologies (
CCIT
)
National
University
SELECT
query
Specifies the
columns
to be retrieved as a column
list
Syntax
for a basic SELECT query
1.
SELECT columnlist
2.
FROM tablelist
columnlist
One or more
attributes
, separated by
commas
Wildcard
character (*)
Symbol that can be used as a
general
substitute for other characters or commands, meaning "
all columns
"
SQL Data
Manipulation
Commands
SQL
Data Manipulation Commands
SELECT
FROM
WHERE
GROUP BY
HAVING
ORDER BY
SELECT
Selects attributes
from
rows
in one or more tables or views
FROM
Specifies the tables from which data should be
retrieved
WHERE
Restricts
the selection of rows based on a
conditional
expression
GROUP
BY
Groups the selected rows based on one or
more
attributes
HAVING
Restricts
the selection of
grouped
rows based on a condition
ORDER
BY
Orders the selected rows based on one or
more
attributes
Column alias
New name specified for a
column
, used as a
label
or heading in the query output
Computed
column
Derived attribute,
may
or may
not
be stored in the database
Arithmetic
operators
+
,
-
, *, /, ^
Rules
of precedence
Perform operations within
parentheses
Perform
power
operations
Perform
multiplications
and divisions
Perform
additions
and subtractions
Comparison operators
=, <, >, <=, >=, <>, !=
Logical
operators
AND,
OR
,
NOT
Aggregate
functions
COUNT, MIN,
MAX
, SUM,
AVG
Special
operators
BETWEEN
, IN, LIKE, IS NULL,
EXISTS
, DISTINCT
DISTINCT
Limits values to
unique
values
Nulls
can be problematic when writing SQL code as different
operators
and functions treat nulls differently