whole

• The Paris Peace conference lasted 12 months
• 32 countries were present at the Palace of Versailles in 1919
• • The First World War ended and the German Kaiser abdicated. 
  • He fled to the Netherlands
  • Germans felt that as he was to blame for losing the War, that was the punishment
• the British blocked German ports in ww1
• 2million German soldiers were killed in ww1
• The Germans thought they were winning ww1 due to propaganda
• The USA joined ww1 in 1917 and only lost 100k men
• Armistice


  11th November 1918
• 3/4 of France land was destroyed and 2mil were left homeless
• 1million French soldiers were killed
• Germany stole Belgian resources as they were occupied by them for 4 years so they needed money & help to rebuild
• Treaty of Brest-litovsk


  Signed march 1918

  Russia made peace with Germany and lost countries
• GB was in debt and owed USA 1billion after ww1
• A mandate was an order granted by the LoN to a member for the establishment of a government over a conquered territory
• The fourteen points was a manifestation of diplomatic idealism
• Main goals of 14 points

  No more war

  Self determination

  LoN
• Germany had to pay 6 bil in reparations and give up land
• Article 231 was the war guilt clause
• The German nickname for the leaders who signed ToV


  November criminals
• Impacts of Diktat/ToV

  1. Lost 100% land
  2. 50% metalwork industry
  3. 12.5% pop
  4. Blow to German economy & pride, causing hyperinflation in 1921
• Tov signed in June 28 1919
• Clemenceau was nicknamed the tiger
• France believed German issues were self inflicted
• Wilson was president 1913-1921
• Clemenceau was pm 1917-1920
• Lloyd George was pm 1916-24
• Treaty of Trianon


  1920 peace treaty where Hungary gave up land, cut back weapon, paid reparations to France & gb
• Treaty of sevres


  1920 peace treaty where turkey was supposed to give up land (mostly to Greece) - instead signed Treaty of Lausanne in 1923, allowing them to keep some land
• Treaty of St Germain


  1919 peace treaty where Austria gave up land, cut back weapons, pay France & gb
• Treaty of Neuilly 


  1919 peace treaty where Bulgaria gave up land, paid reparations to France and GB, and cut back weapons
• Alsace Lorraine


  Land Germany stole and had to give back to france
• Clemenceau disliked LoN
• Lloyd George wanted to re-establish trading links w germany
• France and Belgium invaded the Ruhr in 1912 as Germany never paid off the reparations
• Countries had to sign a league covenant before joining the league of Nations to protect one another if invaded
• Abyssinia

  • Dec 1934 - Claim Wal Wal Oasis but Emperor appeal ignored
  • Jan 1935 - Mussolini moves army to Ethiopia
  • April - stresa pact
  • july - ban on arms sales
  • 4th sep - neither side responsible according to LoN, Mussolininrejects part of Abyssinia
  • oct - full scale invasion w tanks, planes, gas
  • dec - gb & France give italy 2/3 Abyssinia
  • may 1936 - Abyssinia annexed
• LoN was created jan 10 1920
• Hitler was appointed chancellor 30 jan 1933
• Output of American industries doubled in the 20s
• Ww1 caused the rise in demand internationally for American goods