examples of specialised cells

• Sperm cells are specialised for reproduction.
• Sperm have a long tail to help it swim to the egg.
• Sperm have a lot of mitochondria in the cell for energy.
• Nerve cells are specialised for rapid signalling.
• Nerve cells carry electrical signals from one part of the body to another.
• Nerve cells are long and have branched connections to connect to other nerve cells and form a network throughout the body.
• Muscle cell are specialised for contraction.
• Muscle cells contract quickly.
• Muscle cells are long so they have the space to contract ,and they have a lot of mitochondria.
• Root hair cells are specialised for absorbing water and minerals.
• Root hair cells are on the surface of plant roots, which grow into long hairs that stick out into the soil.
• Root hair cells give the plant a big surface area for absorbing water and mineral ions from the soil.
• Xylem and phloem cells are specialised for transporting substances.
• Xylem and phloem cells form xylem and phloem tubes which transport substances like food and water around plants.
• To form the tubes, the cells are joined end to end.
• Xylem tube is made up of dead cells joined end to end, yet they have no end walls.
• Phloem tube is made up of living cells joined end to end. It does have end walls with small pores to allow cell sap to flow through.
• Xylem cells are hollow.
• Phloem cells have few sub cellular structures so that stuff can flow through them (cell sap).