Macbeth

• "Vaulting ambition which o'erleaps itself and falls on th' other" (Act 1)
• • Personification:


  Macbeth personifies his ambition, portraying it as possessing a potency comparable to a human force that can exert influence and pull him into the allure of acquiring the illegitimate title of king.
• When he acknowledges its eventual "fall," it indicates Macbeth's awareness that his all-encompassing ambition is his hamartia destined to lead to his mental and physical decline as he will be violating the true essence of kingship - the divine right of kings. Alternatively, this portrayal positions Macbeth as a victim ensnared by his own ambition, showcasing his introspective understanding of its fatal consequences and presenting him as vulnerable to its relentless influence.
• • Metaphor: 


  The metaphorical portrayal of Macbeth's "vaulting ambition" draws a parallel between him and a jockey who is to manage an untamable, almost animalistic force.
• This metaphor not only depicts Macbeth's struggle to control his ambitious desires to violate kingship but also suggests self-deception - Macbeth believes that he is able to harness some control over his ambition, enough that he is able to transcend the societal, political and divine limitations placed upon him
• • "I heard a voice cry 'Sleep no more! Macbeth does murder sleep'" (Act 2).
• Motif of sleep: 


  Throughout the play, there is a recurring motif that makes sleep synonymous innocence. Macbeth, troubled by guilt, experiences a disturbed sleep pattern, symbolising his departure from a state of innocence as a result of his violation of kingship.
• This disintegration of innocence is a direct consequence of his deceitful actions in seizing the throne and committing regicide . Macbeth's descent into madness is evident, as he no longer issues imperative commands like "stars hide your fires." Instead, he reflects on the mental anguish and haunting "cries" that torment his troubled mind due to his transgression of the divine right of kings
• Exclamative sentence: 


  The exclamative sentence "Sleep no more!" emphasises the enduring and irreversible nature of Macbeth's loss of sleep and innocence. His disruption of the natural order through his wickedness, masked by a facade of moral piety , has forever condemned his mind to the relentless torment of guilt.
• Sempiternally , he will battle with moral restlessness, finding no redemption or salvation

  for the sins he has committed as a murderous tyrant who defied the innate moral order and natural order of the divine right of kings