Chapter 9- end of vietnam war

• what was Nixons strategy of vietmanisation ?


  gradually reduce soldiers in Vietnam
• what was Nixons strategy of pressure ?

  • pressurised south's leaders to work on a deal with the north
  • asked the USSR and China to do the same with the north
• what was nixons strategy of negotiation ?


  Nixons national security advisor negotiated with nirthin hopes of a ceasefire
• what were the factors of the end of the war ?

  • US often killed innocent civilians
  • Vietcong warfare was suited for jungle
  • Americans questioned why they were defending the south
  • discipline and morale was poor
  • troops were inexperienced (due to tour of duty being one year)
  • trouble gaining supplies over such a long distance
• what were the costs of the war ?

  • US spent 170 billion on the war
  • Johnsons promise of a great society but money was diverted
  • Vietnam was completely destroyed
  • costed USA's reputation
  • Vietnam continued to face hostility from the USA
• what were the consequences of the war ?

  • 58,000 Americans were killed & 300,000 wounded
  • many soldiers effected psychologically as result of drug dependency
  • over one million vietmanese killed
  • around two million civilians killed & five million injured
  • over one million vietmanese left Vietnam once it became communist
• what happened on January 1969 ?

  peace talks begin
• what happened on march 1969 ?


  US bombing of Cambodia and ho chi Minh trail begins
• what happened on june 1969 ?

  first 25,000 troops removed
• what happened on august 1969 ?


  talks between north Vietnam's and USA begin
• what happened on december 1969 ?

  final public peace talk
• what happened on february 1970?

  secret talks resume
• what happened on April 1970?


  US troops invade Cambodia & Nixon orders 150,000 more troops back
• what happened on february 1971?


  US troops attack north and Laos
• what happened on January 1972?


  Nixon announces secret peace talks have been happening
• what happened on february 1972?


  Nixons visits China to improve relations
• what happened on march 1972?


  North attack South and bomb hanoi
• what happened on may 1972?


  Nixon visits USSR
• what happened on October 1972?


  North proposes an in place ceasefire
• what happened in January 1973 ?

  Paris peace talk accord is agreed and signed
• what happened in march 1973 ?


  last of US force leave vietnam
• what happened in August 1973 ?


  Nixon resigns
• what happened in December 1974 ?


  North attacks South
• what happened in April 1975 ?


  south, Saigon falls to communism, Vietnam is unified