Q4 || Robotics

• Czech/Slavic word meaning slavery or forced labor.

  Robota
• The term robot was first used in the play ____________ by Czech writer karel Capek

  Rossum's Universal Robots
• Any automatically operated machine that replaces human effort, though it may not resemble human beings in appearance or perform functions in a humanlike manner.

  Robot
• Branch of engineering that deals with conception, design, operation, and manufacturing of robots.

  Robotics
• Russian writer and biochemistry professor that stated the 3 laws of Robotics

  Isaac Asimov
•  Laws of Robotics

  1. Robots _______ human beings.
  2. Robots _________ given by humans without breaking law one.
  3. Robots __________ without breaking other rules. 

  will never harm, will follow instructions, will protect themselves
• What are the essential characteristics of a robot?

  Sensing, movement, enegry/power, intelligence
• To create a robot, we must have?

  power supply, control system, sensors, mechanical system, signal processing system
• A type of robot that requires complete human intervention for its operation

  Manual
• Two types of manual robots

  wired, wireless
• A type of robot that can operate autonomously under some conditions, but may require human intervention in order to achieve its as- signed goals.

  Semi-autonomous
• A type of robot that is designed and engineered to deal with its environment on its own

  Autonomous
• Two types of autonomous robots

  pre-programmed, self learning
• Monitors environmental conditions such as fluid levels, temperatures, vibrations, or voltage.

  sensors
• Actuators take an electrical signal and combines it with an energy source to create _________.

  physical motion.
• It converts physical characteristics into electrical signals.

  sensor
• It converts electrical signals into physical characteristics.

  Actuator
• It takes input from the environment.

  Sensor
• It takes input from the output conditioning unit of the system.

  Actuator
• It gives output to the input conditioning unit of the system.

  Sensor
• It gives output to the environment.

  Actuator
• ______ generate electrical signals

  sensors
• ________ generate heat or motion

  actuators
• It is placed at the input port of the system.

  sensor
• It is placed at the output port of the system. 

  actuator
• It is used to measure the physical quantity

  sensor
• It is used to measure the continuous and discrete process parameters.

  actuator
• It gives information to the system about the environment.

  sensor
• It accepts commands to perform a function.

  actuator
• sensors that detect the presence or absence of light.

  light sensors
• it can detect transitions from light to dark (lines) or even objects directly in front of it.

  line detector
• Line detectors work by detecting _________ coming from its own infrared LED and by measuring the amount of reflected infrared light

  reflected light
• Among sensors that detect light, those that detect the three primary colors of red, green, and blue are called _________

  colored sensors
• Color sensors detect RGB values by receiving ambient light using a _______

  photodiode
• Sensors that can detect dangerous levels of noxious or toxic fumes and smoke.

  gas or smoke sensor
• a non-contact sensor that detects the presence of an object (often referred to as the “target”) when the target enters the sensor’s field

  proximity detector
• measures the amount of heat energy or even coldness that is generated by an object or system, allowing us to “sense” or detect any physical change to that temperature producing either an analogue or digital output.​

  temperature sensor
• type of equipment that captures and records physical touch or embrace on a device and/or object. It enables a device or object to detect touch, typically by a human user or operator.​

  touch sensor
• a switch that reports if it is pressed or released, It is used to determine if the device or robot is touching an object or wall. ​

  Bumpers
• are devices that cause motion

  actuators