Special Collection and Point Care Testing

Cards (27)

  • Venipuncture- is the process of collecting
    or “drawing” blood from a vein and the most common
    way to collect blood specimens for laboratory
    testing.
  • Blood donor collection involves collecting
    blood to be used for transfusion purposes
    rather than for diagnostic testing.
    Blood is collected from volunteers in
    amounts referred to as units.
  • Special bracelet that contains a unique
    ID number, Patient’s ID information written on self-carbon
    adhesive labe.
    Typenex and Secureline
  • What is autologous unit?
    Your own blood
  • What is Fuo?
    Fever of Unknown Origin
  • This anticoagulant and preservative is typically used in collecting units of blood for transfusion purposes?
    CPD (citrate-phosphate-dextrose)
  • Gauge used in blood donation?
    16-18
  • Bacteria may also enter the circulatory system and cause bacteremia ( bacteria in the blood) or septicemia ( microorganisms or their toxins in the blood)
  • Best chance for determining bacteremia?
    ½ hour to 2 ½ hours prior to the next fever peak
  • Minimum volume for blood culture?
    10ml
  • According to ASM, the volume of blood drawn for infants
    and younger children should be from 1% to 4% of the
    patient’s total blood volume
  • For adults or people weighing more than 80 pounds, the
    recommended volumes for blood cultures are 20 to 30
    mL per culture with
    a minimum of 10 mL per draw.
  • Most important part of blood collection
    Skin Antisepsis
  • First cleanse in blood culture collection?
    70% isopropyl alcohol., 30 seconds scrub
  • Second cleanse in blood culture collection  (antisepsis)
    1% to 2% tincture iodine, 30 second, scrub
    Providone swabstick, 60 seconds, scrub concentric circles
  • To be used to remove antimicrobial therapy
    present in patients blood
    Antimicrobial removal device ( ARD)
    Fastidious Antimicrobial
    neutralization (FAN)
  • American Society for Microbiology
    (ASM) states that two to four blood
    cultures are necessary to optimize
    the detection of bacteremia and
    fungemia. For optimum results, such
    specimens should be drawn 30 to 60
    minutes apart.
  • A lactose tolerance test is used to
    determine if a patient lacks the enzyme
    (mucosal lactase) that is necessary to
    convert lactose, or milk sugar, into
    glucose and galactose.
  • Paternity testing is performed to
    determine the probability that a specific
    individual fathered a particular child
  • THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONTORING
    the testing of drug levels at
    specific intervals, is used in the management of
    patients being treated with certain drugs in order
    to help establish a drug dosage, maintain the
    dosage at a therapeutic (beneficial) level, and
    avoid drug toxicity.
  • It is
    used as a treatment for certain medical
    conditions such as polycythemia and
    hemochromatosis
    THERAPEUTIC PHLEBOTOMY
  • Is the scientific study of toxins
    Toxicology
  • is concerned with the detection
    of toxins and treatment for the effects they produce
    Clinical Toxicology
  • is concerned with the legal
    consequences of toxin exposure, both intentional
    and accidental.
    Forensic toxicology
  • Toxicology tests examine blood, hair, urine, and
    other body substances for the presence of toxins,
    which often exist in very small amounts
  • Drug Screenimg
    Testing is typically performed on urine rather
    than blood because it is easy to obtain and a
    wide variety of drugs or their metabolites
    (products of metabolism) can be detected in
    urine for a longer period of time.
  • Trace Elements
    These elements are
    measured in such small amounts that
    traces of them in the glass, plastic, or
    stopper material of evacuated tubes
    may leach into the specimen, causing
    falsely elevated test values