L29: Endocrine disorders

• Hyposecretion means too little hormone is secreted into the plasma
• hypersecretion means too much hormone is secreted into the plasma
• hyposecretion are from problems in the endocrine gland
• hyposensitive means receptors are less sensitive. the receptors get desensitised, causing them to respond less or not at all
• cortisol is a lipid soluble hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex in daily pattern to increase blood fuel, blood pressure and immunity as well as suppress inflammination
• Addisons disease is a hyposecretion of cortisol and aldosterone.
• the common cause of addisons disease is the autoimmune that attacks the adrenal cortex
• the hyposecretion disorder or addisons disease is reduced cortisol and aldosterone secretion causes reduction in normal effects
• symptoms of addisons disease are: low blood pressure, fatigue, loss of appetite and craving salty foods \
• cushings disease is a hypersecretion of cortisol
• the common cause of cushings disease is the adrenal cortex tumor or taking glucocorticoid medication for long periods
• hypersecretion disorder for cushings disease is the excess cortisol secretion causes amplification of normal effects plus other symptoms
• symptoms of cushings diseases include: high blood pressure, thinning of arms and legs, buffalo hump, moon face, stretch marks
• dwarfism is hyposecretion of growth hormone
• common causes of dwarfism are genetic mutation of inheritance
• hyposecretion disorder of dwarfism is reduced growth hormone secretion
• symptoms of dwarfism is short stature
• gigantism is hypersecretion of growth hormone. the common cause is the pituitary gland tumor in childhood.
• the hypersecretion disorder in gigantism is excess growth hormone secretion before long bones have stopped growing
• acromegaly is hypersecretion of growth hormone
• common causes of acromegaly is pituitary gland tumour in early childhood
• hypersecretion disorder in acromegaly is excess growth hormone secretion after long bones have stopped growing (epiphyseal plates have fused)
• symptoms of acromegaly is large and irregularly shaped extremities and characteristic facial features
• infantile hypothyroidism is hyposecretion in thyroid hormone
• common causes of infantile hypothyroidism is missing or poorly developed thyroid gland. poorly functioning anterior pituitary and lack of iodine in mothers diet
• hyposecretion disorder in infantile hypothyroidism is reduced secretion of thyroid hormone causes reductions of its normal effects
• symptoms of infantile hypothyroidism include: low metabolic rate, delayed growth and development and swollen tongue and around eyes
• adult hypothyroidism is hyposecretion of thyroid hormone
• common causes of adult hypothyroidism are autoimmune disease, iodine deficiency in diet and surgical removal of thyroid gland
• hyposecretion disorder of adult hypothyroidism is reduced secretion of thyroid hormone causes reductions of its normal effects
• symptoms of adult hypothyroidism is low metabolic rate; tiredness, weight gain, sensitive to cold, depression
• simple goitre is hyposecretion of thyroid hormone
• common cause of simple goitre is lack of iodine in diet
• hyposecretion disorder in simple goitre is Without iodine, the thyroid gland cannot make thyroid hormone. Without thyroid hormone negatively feeding back, TRH and TSH get continually secreted and excess TSH causes the thyroid gland to swell
• symptoms of simple goitre is enlarged thyroid gland
• graves disease is hypersecretion of thyroid hormone. it is caused by autoimmune disorder.
• hypersecretion disorder of graves diseases is excess secretion of thyroid hormones causes amplifications of its normal effects
• grave diseases symptoms include: high metabolic weight, increased heart rate, sensitive to heat
• hyperparathyroidism is hypersecretion of parathyroid tumor. it is caused by the parathyroid tumor
• hypersecretion disorder of hyperparathyroidism is excess secretion of parathyroid hormone causes amplifications of its normal effects