1325-1330

• which turns causes redness and swelling to the area with a moderate amount of serous exudate. this response is generally limited to the first 24 hours after wounding

  inflammatory response
• epidermal cells lining the epidermal appendages, allowing for a quick resurfacing , epidermal cells migrate across moist surface

  epithelial proliferation and mitigation
• the cells slowly reestablish normal thickness and appear as dry pink tissue


  reestablish of epidermal tissue
• involves series of physiological events designed to control blood loss, establish bacterial control and seal the defect that occurs when there is an injury. injured blood vessel constrict and platelets gather to stop bleeding

  hemostasis
• 
  

  clots form a fibrin matrix that later provides a frame work for cellular repair
• damage tissue and mast cells secrete histamine, resulting in vasodilation of surrounding capillaries and movements and movement of migration of serum and WBCs into the damage tissues

  Inflammatory phase
• primary acting WBCs in full-thickness wound repair

  nuetrophil
• that clean a wound of a bacteria, dead cells and debris by phagocytosis

  macrphages
• with the appearance of new blood vessels as reconstruction progresses, the proliferative and new tissue formation phase begins 3-4 days after injury and can last as long 2 weeks 


  Proliferation and New Tissue Formation Phase
• provides strength and structural integrity to the wound

  collagen
• fibroblast is present in this phase

  Proliferation and New Tissue Formation Phase
• begins after several weeks after the injury and continues for more than a year. The collagen scars continues to reorganize and gain strength after several months

  remodeling and maturation
• occur unless large blood vessels are involved or a patient has poor clotting function

  hemorrhage
• develops when microorganism invade the wound tissues

  wound infections
• some contaminated or traumatic wounds shows signs of infection early, within 2 to 3 days
• when a surgical incision fails to heal properly, layers of skin and tissue seperate

  dehiscence
• dehiscence


  partial or total separation of wound layers
• when does dehiscence occurs?

  5-12 days after suturing at a time when wound repair is at its peak
• is another risk because of constant healing qualities of adipose tissues

  obesity
• protrusion of visceral organ through wound opening . this condition is an emergency that requires surgical repairs

  evisceration
• deficiencies in any of the nutrients results impaired or delayed healing
• provides the energy source need for the cellular activities

  calories
• is necessary of synthesis of collagen

  vitamin c
• reduces the negatives effects of steroids in wound healing

  vitamin a
• are biochemical indicators of malnutrition

  serum protein
• oxygen fuels the cellular function essential to healing process: therefore the ability to perfuse the tissues with adequate amount of of oxygenated blood is is critical to wound healing


  tissue perfusion
• prolongs the inflammatory phase, delays collagen synthesis prevents epithelialization and increases production of pro-inflammatory cytokines

  infection