Special Collection

• presence of bacteria in the bloodstream

  bacteremia
• a medical procedure that involves removing whole blood from a donor or patient and separating the blood into individual components (ex. platelet apheresis)

  apheresis
• The most critical section of clinic/ hospital

  Blood Bank
• Strict Labelling of specimen follows:


  Full name, Hospital ID, Date of Birth, Age, Date and Time of Collection, and Initials of Phlebotomist
• Specimen requirements in Blood Bank


  Lavender or Pink top (EDTA) tubes, or red top tubes
• used to detect immune antibody other than the naturally occurring one through the use of completely phenotyped group "O" cells

  antibody screening
• method of matching a donor's blood to the recipient by mixing a sample in a test tube to determine compatibility

  crossmatching
• There are _ phases in crossmatching

  3
• Blood are not compatible if there is ____________, Clumping of microorganisms or blood cells, typically due to an antigen-antibody interaction.


  agglutination
• collecting blood to be used for transfusion purposes rather than diagnostic testing

  blood donor collection
• Donor eligibility


  1. must 17 to 60 years old

  2. at least 110 lbs or 50 kg.

  3. Hgb ≥ 12.5 g/dL

  4. Hct ≥ 38%

  5. Normal temperature
• If the donor is less then 17 years

  he/she must have parent's consent
• If donor is greater than 60 years old


  there must be a discretion (consent) from their physician
• Blood with anticoagulant preservative of CPD can last for as long as

  21 days
• Blood with anticoagulant preservative of CPDA1 can last for

  35 days
• functions of antigoagulant preservative in blood

  citrate:

  phosphate:

  dextrose:

  A1 (alanine):


  chelates calcium

  stabilizes ph

  provide energy to the blood cell

  preserve life of cell
• Donor units are normally collected from a

  large antecubital vein
• gauge for donor phlebotomy

  16 - 18
• the blood bag fills by _____________ and must be placed _____ than the patient's arm

  gravity, lower
• proper antiseptic technique in donor phlebotomy

  alcohol for 30 second, iodine for 30 seconds then alcohol again dry for 30 seconds
• blood bag is placed on a mixing unit to prevent

  clotting
• The blood bag unit is normally filled by weight but typically contains around

  450 ml +/- 10 ml
• the blood bag contains ______ amount of anticoagulant

  63 ml
• during donor unit collection ________ is used to fill a bag/unit

  only one needle puncture
• donation of blood for other people

  allogenic donation
• Donation of a patients own blood for use at a later time ( ex. surgery)

  autologous donation
• For autologous transfusion, it must be done ________ the surgery

  72 hrs
• Autologous donation criteria


  Hgb at least 11 g/dL and Hct at least 33%
• a medical procedure involving recovering blood lost during surgery and re-infusing it into the patient

  cell salvaging
• Prior to reinfusion, it is recommended that salvaged blood must be tested for

  residual free hemoglobin
• if there is high free hemoglobin it means that

  there is too many destroyed RBC during salvaging process
• when blood with high free hemoglobin is transfused, it can cause

  renal dysfunction
• This is used to determine the presence and extent of infection


  Blood cultures
• blood poisoning or there is toxin in blood

  septisemia
• when to collect blood culture

  immediately before or after anticipated fever spikes
• Best chance for detecting bacteremia exists is

  between 30 minutes to 2 1/2 hours prior fever peak
• When collecting blood cultures you need __ to _____

  two to four blood cultures
• Collection for blood cultures must be ____________ apart

  30 to 60 minutes unless it is for critical patients
• the volume of blood that you must collect for infants and children


  1% to 4% of the patient's total blood volume
• the volume of blood that you must collect for adults with at least 80 lbs


  20 to 30 ml per culture with a minimum of 10 ml per draw